Kalaska J F
Département de physiologie, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada.
Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1994 May;72(5):542-5. doi: 10.1139/y94-078.
The argument is made that somesthesia is not strictly passive process, and its central neuronal mechanisms cannot be studied in all their complexity and subtlety by applying passive stimuli to uninterested or unconscious animals. The case is clear for kinesthesia. Peripheral proprioceptive signals are altered by active muscle contractions, and the central mechanisms of kinesthetic sensations should be studied during active movements. A similar case can be made for tactile discrimination. Ascending tactile afferents are subject to modulation during movement. Moreover, the generation of a central neural representation of the mechanical stimulus is only part of the tactile perceptual process. It is also influenced by the behavioral, attentive, and motivational state of the animal, whose effects can only be revealed in awake animals actively participating in discrimination tasks.
有一种观点认为，躯体感觉并非严格意义上的被动过程，通过对无兴趣或无意识的动物施加被动刺激，无法全面深入地研究其复杂微妙的中枢神经机制。对于动觉而言，情况很明显。外周本体感觉信号会因肌肉主动收缩而改变，因此动觉的中枢机制应该在主动运动过程中进行研究。触觉辨别也有类似情况。在运动过程中，上行的触觉传入神经会受到调制。此外，机械刺激的中枢神经表征的产生只是触觉感知过程的一部分。它还受到动物行为、注意力和动机状态的影响，而这些影响只有在积极参与辨别任务的清醒动物中才能显现出来。
