Diabet Med. 1994 Aug-Sep;11(7):670-7.
Clinical and biochemical variables and prevalence of complications at diagnosis of diabetes were assessed in 5098 Type 2 diabetic patients in the UK Prospective Diabetes Study of whom 82% were white Caucasian, 10% Asian of Indian origin, and 8% Afro-Caribbean. The Asian patients were (p < 0.001) younger (mean age 52.3, 47.0, 51.0 years), less obese (BMI 29.3, 26.7, 27.9 kg m-2), had a greater waist-hip ratio, lower blood pressure (systolic 145, 139, 144, diastolic 87, 86, 89 mmHg) and prevalence of hypertension. They were more often sedentary (19, 39, 15%), more often abstained from alcohol (21, 55, 25%) and had a greater prevalence of first degree relatives with known diabetes (36, 44, 34%). The Afro-Caribbean patients had (p < 0.001) higher fasting plasma glucose (11.9, 11.3, 12.5 mmol l-1), more severely impaired beta-cell function (45, 35, 28% normal) and less impaired insulin sensitivity (23, 19, 27% normal) by homeostasis model assessment, lower triglyceride (1.8, 1.8, 1.3 mmol l-1), and higher HDL-cholesterol (1.05, 1.03, 1.17 mmol l-1). Prevalence of a history of myocardial infarction, stroke or intermittent claudication at diagnosis was similar. The prevalence of ischaemic ECG (Minnesota code), microalbuminuria (urine albumin > 50 mg l-1), retinopathy ('191' grading of retinal photographs), and neuropathy (abnormal vibration perception threshold or absent leg reflexes) was also similar. At diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes there were no differences in prevalence of complications between white Caucasian, Asian, and Afro-Caribbean patients although differences were found in other clinical and biochemical variables.
在英国前瞻性糖尿病研究中，对5098例2型糖尿病患者的临床和生化变量以及糖尿病诊断时并发症的患病率进行了评估，其中82%为白种人，10%为印度裔亚洲人，8%为非洲加勒比裔。亚洲患者（p<0.001）更年轻（平均年龄52.3、47.0、51.0岁），肥胖程度更低（体重指数29.3、26.7、27.9kg/m²），腰臀比更高，血压更低（收缩压145、139、144，舒张压87、86、89mmHg）且高血压患病率更低。他们久坐的情况更常见（19%、39%、15%），更常戒酒（21%、55%、25%），且已知患有糖尿病的一级亲属患病率更高（36%、44%、34%）。非洲加勒比裔患者（p<0.001）空腹血糖更高（11.9、11.3、12.5mmol/L），通过稳态模型评估β细胞功能受损更严重（正常者分别为45%、35%、28%），胰岛素敏感性受损程度更低（正常者分别为23%、19%、27%），甘油三酯更低（1.8、1.8、1.3mmol/L），高密度脂蛋白胆固醇更高（1.05、1.03、1.17mmol/L）。诊断时心肌梗死、中风或间歇性跛行病史的患病率相似。缺血性心电图（明尼苏达编码）、微量白蛋白尿（尿白蛋白>50mg/L）、视网膜病变（视网膜照片“191”分级）和神经病变（振动觉阈值异常或腿部反射消失）的患病率也相似。2型糖尿病诊断时，白种人、亚洲人和非洲加勒比裔患者并发症的患病率没有差异，尽管在其他临床和生化变量上存在差异。
