J Hypertens. 1993 Mar;11(3):309-17. doi: 10.1097/00004872-199303000-00012.
To determine the prevalence of hypertension in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients and its association with risk factors for cardiovascular and diabetic complications.
Cross-sectional study.
Newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients (n = 3648, mean age 52 years, 59% male) recruited for the UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS).
Blood pressure, body mass index, waist:hip ratio, ECG signs of ischaemia and of left ventricular hypertrophy (Minnesota code), fasting plasma glucose, urate, creatinine, insulin, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein-, low-density lipoprotein- and total cholesterol, urinary albumin:creatinine ratio, retinopathy grading.
Thirty-nine per cent of the patients (35% of the males, 46% of the females) were hypertensive (mean blood pressure > or = 160 systolic and/or > or = 90 mmHg diastolic 2 and 9 months after diagnosis of diabetes, or taking antihypertensive therapy). The hypertensive patients had a greater mean body mass index (30.1 versus 28.0 kg/m2, P < 0.0001) than the normotensive patients. They also had higher fasting plasma triglyceride (1.94 versus 1.69 mmol/l, P < 0.0001) and insulin (15.0 versus 12.8 mU/l, P < 0.0001) levels but these associations disappeared or weakened when obesity was taken into account. Hypertensive compared with normotensive subjects suffered a higher prevalence of cardiovascular events before the diagnosis of diabetes (4.8 versus 2.5%, P < 0.0001), of microalbuminuria (albumin:creatinine ratio > 5.0 g/mol; 24 versus 14%, P < 0.0001), of ECG signs of probable and possible ischaemia (24 versus 14%, P < 0.0001) and of left ventricular hypertrophy (8.5 versus 3.8%; P < 0.0001). The prevalence of retinopathy was similar in the two groups.
Hypertension is common in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and is associated with obesity. The association between hypertension and higher triglyceride and insulin levels may be secondary to obesity in this population. An association between hypertension and cardiovascular complications is already apparent at diagnosis of diabetes.
确定新诊断的2型糖尿病患者中高血压的患病率及其与心血管和糖尿病并发症危险因素的关联。
横断面研究。
为英国前瞻性糖尿病研究（UKPDS）招募的新诊断的2型糖尿病患者（n = 3648，平均年龄52岁，59%为男性）。
血压、体重指数、腰臀比、缺血性心电图征象和左心室肥厚（明尼苏达编码）、空腹血糖、尿酸、肌酐、胰岛素、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白和总胆固醇、尿白蛋白肌酐比值、视网膜病变分级。
39%的患者（男性为35%，女性为46%）患有高血压（糖尿病诊断后2个月和9个月时平均血压收缩压≥160 mmHg和/或舒张压≥90 mmHg，或正在接受抗高血压治疗）。高血压患者的平均体重指数（30.1 vs 28.0 kg/m²，P < 0.0001）高于血压正常的患者。他们的空腹血浆甘油三酯（1.94 vs 1.69 mmol/l，P < 0.0001）和胰岛素（15.0 vs 12.8 mU/l，P < 0.0001）水平也较高，但在考虑肥胖因素后，这些关联消失或减弱。与血压正常的受试者相比，高血压患者在糖尿病诊断前心血管事件的患病率更高（4.8% vs 2.5%，P < 0.0001）、微量白蛋白尿（白蛋白肌酐比值>5.0 g/mol；24% vs 14%，P < 0.0001）、可能和疑似缺血性心电图征象（24% vs 14%，P < 0.0001）以及左心室肥厚（8.5% vs 3.8%；P < 0.0001）。两组视网膜病变的患病率相似。
高血压在新诊断的2型糖尿病中很常见，且与肥胖有关。在该人群中，高血压与较高甘油三酯和胰岛素水平之间的关联可能继发于肥胖。在糖尿病诊断时，高血压与心血管并发症之间的关联就已很明显。
