Cassidy J, Berlin L J
Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802.
Child Dev. 1994 Aug;65(4):971-91.
Relatively little has been written about one group of infants identified with Ainsworth's "Strange Situation" assessment of infant-parent attachment, those classified insecure/ambivalent. Although virtually all samples contain some insecure/ambivalent infants, these infants are uncommon, comprising 7%-15% of most American samples. Recently developed assessments of attachment in children and adults have identified attachment groups of older individuals thought to parallel the insecure/ambivalent infant group. Empirical work in which insecure/ambivalent individuals are examined as a separate group is reviewed within the context of attachment theory, and a coherent picture emerges of the antecedents (relatively low or inconsistent maternal availability; biological vulnerability) and sequelae (limited exploratory competence) of this group. This picture is used as the basis for additional theoretical proposals, and suggestions for future research are presented.
关于通过安斯沃思的“陌生情境”评估确定的一类婴儿——那些被归类为不安全/矛盾型依恋的婴儿，相关著述相对较少。尽管几乎所有样本中都包含一些不安全/矛盾型依恋的婴儿，但这类婴儿并不常见，在大多数美国样本中占7% - 15%。最近针对儿童和成人依恋情况开发的评估方法，确定了被认为与不安全/矛盾型婴儿群体类似的年长个体的依恋类型。本文在依恋理论的背景下，回顾了将不安全/矛盾型个体作为一个单独群体进行研究的实证工作，从而呈现出该群体的前因（母亲陪伴相对较少或不稳定；生理脆弱性）和后果（探索能力有限）的连贯图景。这一图景被用作进一步理论提议的基础，并提出了未来研究的建议。
