Robinson F R, Phillips J O, Fuchs A F
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
J Comp Neurol. 1994 Aug 1;346(1):43-62. doi: 10.1002/cne.903460104.
To determine whether there are brainstem regions that provide common input to the motoneurons that move both the head and the eyes, we injected wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase complex (WGA-HRP) into neck motoneuron pools at spinal level C2 (N = 3) and extraocular motoneuron pools in the abducens (N = 1) and oculomotor/trochlear (N = 1) nuclei of rhesus and fascicularis macaques. We also injected WGA-HRP into spinal level C5-7 (N = 1) of a fascicularis macaque for comparison. After injections into C2, we observed retrogradely labeled cells in the ventral reticular formation (NRV), the gigantocellular reticular formation (NRG), and both the oral (NRPO) and the caudal (NRPC) divisions of the paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF). There was also a column of labeled cells in the cuneate reticular nucleus (NCUN) just lateral to the ipsilateral periaqueductal gray (PAG). This column extended rostrally into the central mesencephalic reticular formation (CMRF). In addition, there were labeled cells in the region ventral and caudal to the rostral interstitial nucleus of the MLF (riMLF), the area lateral to the interstitial nucleus of Cajal (INC), and the ventral part of the lateral vestibular nucleus (LVN) and lateral part of the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN). There were also a few labeled cells in the fastigial (FN) and interposed (IN) nuclei of the cerebellum but very few in the superior colliculus (SC). In contrast, the injection into C5-7 labeled many cells in the lateral vestibular nucleus (LVN) and very few in FN or IN. Injecting WGA-HRP into the abducens nucleus and the surrounding tissue labeled many cells in SC, PPRF, MVN, FN, and nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (NPH). Injecting into the oculomotor/trochlear nuclei and nearby tissue labeled cells in SC, INC, riMLF, FN, IN, MVN, and superior vestibular nucleus (SVN). Structures that project to both neck and eye motoneuron pools, and therefore probably participate in both head and eye movements, include the lateral part of the MVN and both NRPO and NRPC in the PPRF. Those that project primarily to neck motoneurons in C2 include the NRV, the NRG, and the NCUN-CMRF column. Those projecting exclusively to extraocular nuclei include the NPH, INC, riMLF, NRPD, and SC. We use these data to propose a scheme for control of combined eye-head movements in monkeys.
为了确定是否存在向支配头部和眼睛运动的运动神经元提供共同输入的脑干区域，我们将小麦胚凝集素 - 辣根过氧化物酶复合物（WGA - HRP）注入恒河猴和食蟹猴脊髓C2水平的颈运动神经元池（N = 3）以及展神经（N = 1）、动眼神经/滑车神经核（N = 1）中的眼外运动神经元池。我们还将WGA - HRP注入一只食蟹猴的脊髓C5 - 7水平（N = 1）作为对照。在注入C2后，我们在腹侧网状结构（NRV）、巨细胞网状结构（NRG）以及脑桥旁正中网状结构（PPRF）的嘴侧（NRPO）和尾侧（NRPC）部分观察到逆行标记的细胞。在同侧导水管周围灰质（PAG）外侧的楔状网状核（NCUN）中也有一列标记细胞。该列细胞向头端延伸至中脑中央网状结构（CMRF）。此外，在中脑导水管周围灰质吻侧间质核（riMLF）腹侧和尾侧区域、 Cajal间质核（INC）外侧区域、外侧前庭核（LVN）腹侧部分以及内侧前庭核（MVN）外侧部分有标记细胞。在小脑顶核（FN）和间位核（IN）中也有少量标记细胞，但在上丘（SC）中很少。相比之下，注入C5 - 7后，外侧前庭核（LVN）中有许多细胞被标记，而在FN或IN中很少。将WGA - HRP注入展神经核及其周围组织，在SC、PPRF、MVN、FN和舌下前置核（NPH）中有许多细胞被标记。将其注入动眼神经/滑车神经核及其附近组织，在SC、INC、riMLF、FN、IN、MVN和上前庭核（SVN）中有细胞被标记。投射到颈部和眼部运动神经元池、因此可能参与头部和眼睛运动的结构包括MVN外侧部分以及PPRF中的NRPO和NRPC。主要投射到C2水平颈部运动神经元的结构包括NRV、NRG和NCUN - CMRF柱。仅投射到眼外核的结构包括NPH、INC、riMLF、NRPD和SC。我们利用这些数据提出了一个控制猴子眼 - 头联合运动的方案。
