Kisliuk S M, Grossmann R
Institute for Small Animal Research, Federal Research Centre of Agriculture, Celle, Germany.
J Endocrinol. 1994 Jul;142(1):153-60. doi: 10.1677/joe.0.1420153.
The influence of low humidity during incubation (LHI) on arginine vasotocin (AVT) secretion in male and female White Leghorn chicken embryos and chicks was investigated. LHI embryos were incubated from day 8 (E8) to E18 at a relative humidity of 32-35%, while control embryos were incubated at 58-62%. In the control groups, plasma AVT gradually increased from E15 to E18, increased sharply during hatching and returned to the E18 level within 4 h. LHI did not alter the level of AVT until E18. LHI E19 males had concentrations of AVT twice as high as those of control males (39 +/- 3.9 vs 15 +/- 1.6 pmol/l, P < 0.001). Augmentation persisted during hatching and 4 h afterwards. In LHI females additional elevation reached significant levels only at 4 h after hatching (58 +/- 13 vs 16 +/- 1.7 pmol/l, P < 0.01). Deprivation of water caused an increase in plasma sodium concentrations in the 2-day-old chicks of the control groups, while no significant changes were observed in the LHI group. Deprivation of water together with a high environmental temperature caused an additional increase in AVT only in the LHI groups (42 +/- 5.2 vs 22 +/- 3.9 pmol/l, P < 0.01 for males; 32 +/- 3.4 vs 19 +/- 2.8 pmol/l, P < 0.01 for females). The results clearly showed that LHI leads to a more pronounced response of the AVT system on subsequent osmotic and non-osmotic challenges, especially in males. Embryonal activation of the AVT system probably helps the organism to cope with hatching and posthatching stresses.
研究了孵化期低湿度（LHI）对雄性和雌性白来航鸡胚胎及雏鸡精氨酸加压催产素（AVT）分泌的影响。LHI组胚胎在相对湿度32 - 35%的条件下从第8天（E8）孵化至E18，而对照组胚胎在58 - 62%的湿度下孵化。在对照组中，血浆AVT从E15到E18逐渐增加，孵化期间急剧上升，并在4小时内恢复到E18水平。LHI直到E18时才改变AVT水平。LHI组E19雄性的AVT浓度是对照组雄性的两倍（39±3.9对15±1.6 pmol/l，P < 0.001）。这种增加在孵化期间及之后4小时持续存在。在LHI组雌性中，额外的升高仅在孵化后4小时达到显著水平（58±13对16±1.7 pmol/l，P < 0.01）。对照组2日龄雏鸡缺水导致血浆钠浓度升高，而LHI组未观察到显著变化。缺水加上环境高温仅在LHI组导致AVT进一步增加（雄性：42±5.2对22±3.9 pmol/l，P < 0.01；雌性：32±3.4对19±2.8 pmol/l，P < 0.01）。结果清楚地表明，LHI导致AVT系统对随后的渗透和非渗透挑战有更明显的反应，尤其是在雄性中。AVT系统的胚胎激活可能有助于机体应对孵化和孵化后应激。
