Tomaka J, Blascovich J
Department of Psychology, University of Texas at El Paso 79968.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1994 Oct;67(4):732-40. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.67.4.732.
This study investigated the moderating role of just world beliefs on stress and coping processes. Ss high and low in belief in a just world were asked to perform a potentially stressful laboratory task, which was repeated once. Cognitive appraisals and subjective, autonomic, and behavioral responses were recorded for each of the two tasks. The results supported a stress-moderating effect for just world beliefs. Individuals high in just world beliefs had more benign cognitive appraisals of the stress tasks, rated the tasks as less stressful post hoc, had autonomic reactions consistent with challenge (vs. threat), and outperformed Ss low in just world beliefs. Discussion centers on factors that moderate the experiences of challenge and threat in potentially stressful situations.
本研究调查了公正世界信念在压力与应对过程中的调节作用。要求公正世界信念高和低的受试者完成一项可能产生压力的实验室任务，该任务重复进行一次。记录了两项任务各自的认知评估以及主观、自主和行为反应。结果支持了公正世界信念的压力调节效应。公正世界信念高的个体对压力任务有更良性的认知评估，事后将任务评定为压力较小，有与挑战（而非威胁）相一致的自主反应，并且在表现上优于公正世界信念低的受试者。讨论集中于在潜在压力情境中调节挑战和威胁体验的因素。
