Fernandez-Salas I, Rodriguez M H, Roberts D R, Rodriguez M C, Wirtz R A
Centro de Investigación de Paludismo, Chiapas, Mexico.
J Med Entomol. 1994 Sep;31(5):663-70. doi: 10.1093/jmedent/31.5.663.
Field studies on the bionomics of adult Anopheles pseudopunctipennis Theobald were conducted to assess its relative importance as a primary vector of vivax malaria in southern Mexico. In four malaria endemic villages in a foothill region near Tapachula, Mexico, population densities of A. pseudopunctipennis increased during the dry seasons of 1990 and 1991. The pattern of nocturnal host-seeking activity indoors was unimodal with a late night peak at 0100 hours enhancing its vectorial significance, because it occurred when most residents were asleep and fully exposed to the anophelines. Comparisons of trapping methods showed that a horse-baited trap was more effective than human landing catches or UV light traps. Pit shelters, on the other hand, were more effective than indoor and natural shelter resting collections. Results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays performed on wild-caught A. pseudopunctipennis specimens documented the presence of natural infections with the VK210 and new VK247 circumsporozoite polymorphs of P. vivax. These findings verify the importance of A. pseudopunctipennis as a major vector of vivax malaria at higher elevations and extend the geographical range of the VK247 P. vivax polymorph in Mexico.
对伪点按蚊成虫生物学特性进行了实地研究，以评估其作为墨西哥南部间日疟原虫主要传播媒介的相对重要性。在墨西哥塔帕丘拉附近山麓地区的四个疟疾流行村庄，1990年和1991年旱季期间伪点按蚊的种群密度有所增加。室内夜间寻找宿主活动模式为单峰型，凌晨01:00出现深夜高峰，这增强了其作为传播媒介的重要性，因为此时大多数居民正在熟睡，完全暴露于按蚊叮咬之下。诱捕方法比较表明，马诱饵诱捕器比人饵诱捕或紫外线诱捕器更有效。另一方面，坑式庇护所比室内和自然庇护所栖息采集更有效。对野外捕获的伪点按蚊标本进行的酶联免疫吸附试验结果证明存在间日疟原虫VK210和新的VK247环子孢子多态型的自然感染。这些发现证实了伪点按蚊作为高海拔地区间日疟原虫主要传播媒介的重要性，并扩大了墨西哥间日疟原虫VK247多态型的地理分布范围。
