Shannon B M, Tershakovec A M, Martel J K, Achterberg C L, Cortner J A, Smiciklas-Wright H S, Stallings V A, Stolley P D
Department of Nutrition, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802.
Pediatrics. 1994 Dec;94(6 Pt 1):923-7.
To assess the effects of a home-based, parent-child autotutorial (PCAT) dietary education program on the dietary knowledge, lipid consumption, and plasma low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) of 4- to 10-year-old children with elevated plasma LDL-C.
"At-risk" children (screening total cholesterol, (TC), exceeded 4.55 mmol/L and average LDL-C from two fasting samples was between 2.77 and 4.24 mmol/L for boys or 2.90 and 4.24 mmol/L for girls) were randomized to the PCAT program (N = 88), for dietary counseling with a registered dietitian (N = 86), or to an at-risk control group (N = 87). Dietary knowledge, diet, and LDL-C of these groups were assessed at baseline and after the educational period (3-month follow-up). The knowledge and diet of a not-at-risk (TC below 4.22 and 4.34 mmol/L for boys and girls, respectively) control group (N = 81) was also assessed and compared with that of the at-risk control group.
At the 3-month follow-up, the PCAT children's knowledge scores had increased three times more than those of the counseling and at-risk control groups (P < .001). Mean grams of total and saturated fat consumed by PCAT and counseling groups declined while that of the at-risk control group increased slightly; these differences were significant (P < .05). The mean LDL-C decline of the PCAT group was significantly different (P < .05) from the decline of the at-risk control group (0.26 vs 0.09 mmol/L), and approached significance (P = .07) when compared with that of the counseling group (0.26 vs 0.11 mmol/L). The at-risk control group's knowledge and diet did not differ from that of the not-at-risk group.
The PCAT program offers a mechanism for providing effective dietary education to children with elevated cholesterol and to their families.
评估一项基于家庭的亲子自学式（PCAT）饮食教育计划对血浆低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）升高的4至10岁儿童的饮食知识、脂质摄入及血浆LDL-C的影响。
“高危”儿童（筛查时总胆固醇（TC）超过4.55 mmol/L，两次空腹样本的平均LDL-C，男孩为2.77至4.24 mmol/L，女孩为2.90至4.24 mmol/L）被随机分为PCAT计划组（N = 88）、接受注册营养师饮食咨询组（N = 86）或高危对照组（N = 87）。在基线时以及教育期结束后（3个月随访）评估这些组的饮食知识、饮食情况及LDL-C。还评估了非高危（男孩TC低于4.22 mmol/L，女孩低于4.34 mmol/L）对照组（N = 81）的知识和饮食情况，并与高危对照组进行比较。
在3个月随访时，PCAT组儿童的知识得分比咨询组和高危对照组增加了三倍多（P <.001）。PCAT组和咨询组摄入的总脂肪和饱和脂肪的平均克数下降，而高危对照组略有增加；这些差异具有统计学意义（P <.05）。PCAT组LDL-C的平均下降与高危对照组的下降有显著差异（P <.05）（分别为0.26 mmol/L与0.09 mmol/L），与咨询组相比接近显著差异（P =.07）（分别为0.26 mmol/L与0.11 mmol/L）。高危对照组的知识和饮食与非高危组无差异。
PCAT计划为向胆固醇升高的儿童及其家庭提供有效的饮食教育提供了一种机制。
