Main D S, Iverson D C, McGloin J, Banspach S W, Collins J L, Rugg D L, Kolbe L J
Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80220.
Prev Med. 1994 Jul;23(4):409-17. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1994.1056.
This article reports the results of the impact of a school-based HIV prevention intervention on students' knowledge, attitudes, and behavior related to HIV infection.
Seventeen schools within six Colorado school districts were assigned to either intervention or comparison conditions. Students in 10 schools received a 15-session, skills-based HIV prevention curriculum implemented by trained teachers. A total of 2,844 students completed at least one survey during the study period; surveys were matched using demographic questions, yielding a cohort of 979 students who had baseline and 6-month follow-up data.
Intervention students exhibited greater knowledge about HIV and greater intent to engage in safer sexual practices than the comparison students. Among sexually active students at the 6-month follow-up, intervention students reported fewer sexual partners within the past 2 months, greater frequency of using condoms, and greater intentions to engage in sex less frequently and to use a condom when having sex. Intervention students were also more likely to believe that teens their age who engage in HIV risk behaviors are vulnerable to infection. The intervention neither delayed the onset nor decreased the frequency of sexual intercourse and the frequency of alcohol and other drug use before sex by the 6-month follow-up assessment.
The results suggest that skills-based risk reduction programs can have an effect on student behavior. Among sexually active students, evidence suggests that school-based interventions can reduce behavior associated with risk of HIV infection.
本文报告了一项基于学校的艾滋病病毒预防干预措施对学生与艾滋病病毒感染相关的知识、态度和行为的影响结果。
科罗拉多州六个学区的17所学校被分配到干预组或对照组。10所学校的学生接受了由受过培训的教师实施的为期15节的、基于技能的艾滋病病毒预防课程。在研究期间，共有2844名学生完成了至少一项调查；通过人口统计学问题对调查进行匹配，得到了一组979名有基线数据和6个月随访数据的学生。
与对照组学生相比，干预组学生对艾滋病病毒有更多的了解，并且更有意采取更安全的性行为。在6个月随访时的性活跃学生中，干预组学生报告在过去2个月内性伴侣较少，使用避孕套的频率更高，并且更有意减少性行为频率以及在性行为时使用避孕套。干预组学生也更有可能认为他们这个年龄段从事艾滋病病毒风险行为的青少年容易感染。在6个月随访评估中，干预措施既没有延迟性行为的开始，也没有降低性行为的频率以及性行为前饮酒和使用其他药物的频率。
结果表明，基于技能的风险降低项目可以对学生行为产生影响。在性活跃学生中，有证据表明基于学校的干预措施可以减少与艾滋病病毒感染风险相关的行为。
