Susitaival P, Husman L, Horsmanheimo M, Notkola V, Husman K
Kuopio Regional Institute of Occupational Health, Finland.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 1994 Jun;20(3):206-12. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.1407.
The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of hand dermatosis among farmers.
A questionnaire survey was carried out in a geographically defined sample of the Finnish farming population between the ages of 18 and 64 years (N = 10,847).
The one-year prevalence of self-reported hand and forearm dermatoses was 16% for the women and 7% for the men. These figures were similar to the prevalence of hand eczema in two large Scandinavian questionnaire surveys. The highest one-year prevalence of hand dermatoses was found for women on farms with more than nine dairy cows (20%). Atopy (both the personal history of atopic dermatitis and respiratory atopy), female gender, and, among the women, also age under 35 years were the most important risk factors for the occurrence of hand dermatosis. Work-related risk factors were handling disinfectants daily, handling silage preservatives, milking cows, and machine servicing.
Occupational risk factors for hand dermatoses were found, especially for dairy farming. The results may be useful for the prevention of hand dermatoses in farming since they direct attention to related occupational hazards, and they may also aid vocational guidance for the atopic population. In order to lower the prevalence of hand dermatoses in dairy farming, both preventive and protective measures should become everyday practice in farming work.
本研究旨在确定农民手部皮肤病的患病率及危险因素。
对芬兰18至64岁农业人口中一个地理界定样本（N = 10,847）进行问卷调查。
自我报告的手部和前臂皮肤病的一年患病率，女性为16%，男性为7%。这些数字与两项大型斯堪的纳维亚问卷调查中手部湿疹的患病率相似。在拥有超过九头奶牛的农场中，女性手部皮肤病的一年患病率最高（20%）。特应性（特应性皮炎个人史和呼吸道特应性）、女性性别，以及在女性中35岁以下的年龄，是手部皮肤病发生的最重要危险因素。与工作相关的危险因素包括每日处理消毒剂、处理青贮饲料防腐剂、挤奶和机器维修。
发现了手部皮肤病的职业危险因素，尤其是奶牛养殖方面。这些结果可能有助于预防农业中的手部皮肤病，因为它们使人们关注相关职业危害，也可能有助于为特应性人群提供职业指导。为了降低奶牛养殖中手部皮肤病的患病率，预防和保护措施都应成为农业工作中的日常做法。
