Taylor J L, Dolhert N, Morrow D, Friedman L, Yesavage J A
Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA 94304.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1994 Aug;65(8):718-25.
This preliminary study examined the acute and 8-hour effects of alcohol at a target peak BAC of 0.08% on pilot performance. Fourteen younger (mean age 27.6 years) and fourteen older (mean age 60.3 years) pilots flew a Frasca 141 simulator in a scenario that included ATC communications and emergencies. Plots were tested during an alcohol and placebo condition at three timepoints: predrink, acute intoxication, and 8 h postdrink. Of eight performance measures, two showed statistically significant effects related to alcohol. First, cockpit monitoring was poorer when pilots were intoxicated, with recovery at 8 h. Second, younger pilots made more communication errors under the influence and there was no significant recovery at 8 h. Older pilots made more communication errors than younger pilots, but possibly because of methodological problems, older pilots' communication performance was not significantly impaired by alcohol. These results provide direction for future research.
这项初步研究考察了目标峰值血液酒精浓度（BAC）为0.08%时酒精对飞行员表现的急性影响和8小时影响。14名年轻飞行员（平均年龄27.6岁）和14名年长飞行员（平均年龄60.3岁）在包含空中交通管制通信和紧急情况的场景中驾驶一台Frasca 141模拟器。在饮酒和安慰剂两种状态下，于三个时间点对飞行员进行测试：饮酒前、急性中毒时和饮酒后8小时。在八项表现指标中，有两项显示出与酒精相关的统计学显著影响。首先，飞行员中毒时座舱监控能力较差，8小时后恢复。其次，年轻飞行员在受酒精影响时出现更多通信错误，且8小时后无显著恢复。年长飞行员比年轻飞行员出现更多通信错误，但可能由于方法学问题，年长飞行员的通信表现并未因酒精而受到显著损害。这些结果为未来研究提供了方向。
