de Frutos Hernansanz M J, Lázaro Damas A, Llinares Gómez V, Azpiazu Garrido M, Serrano Vázquez A, López de Castro F
Centro de Salud, Toledo.
Aten Primaria. 1994 Sep 30;14(5):783-6.
To study the adverse side-effects to medication and define their principle characteristics.
A descriptive, crossover, observation study with no random distribution.
The population cared for at a Health Centre in Toledo.
Those over 15 years old during a 6-month period.
64 adverse side-effects were detected, classified as follows: definite, 10.9%; probable, 68.7%; possible, 20.3%. The rate of adverse side-effects was 2.67 per thousand prescriptions and 2.22 per thousand consultations. Distribution by gender was 62.5% women and 37.5% men. The 35-45 age group was the one with most adverse side-effects. The most affected systems were the digestive apparatus (46.50%), followed by the nervous system (27.50%) and the skin (16.22%). The most commonly involved pharmacological groups were: analgesics and non-steroid anti-inflammatories (34.37%) and drugs for the cardiovascular system (26.56%). 98.43% were trivial and none serious. Evolution was: 59.37% recovered on stopping the drug and 23.43% with the help of treatment.
The number of suspected adverse side-effects in the Centre is high, but they were trivial. It was confirmed that adverse side-effects suppose a frequent medical problem in Primary Care. It is important to make health professionals aware so that, when prescribing, they bear in mind the drug risk/benefit relationship. The identification and communication of adverse side-effects, especially of medicines newly on the market, is also important.
研究药物的不良反应并确定其主要特征。
一项无随机分组的描述性、交叉观察性研究。
托莱多一家健康中心所护理的人群。
6个月期间15岁以上的人群。
检测到64例不良反应，分类如下：肯定的，10.9%；很可能的，68.7%；可能的，20.3%。不良反应发生率为每千张处方2.67例，每千次会诊2.22例。按性别分布为女性62.5%，男性37.5%。35 - 45岁年龄组不良反应最多。受影响最严重的系统是消化系统（46.50%），其次是神经系统（27.50%）和皮肤（16.22%）。最常涉及的药物类别是：镇痛药和非甾体抗炎药（34.37%）以及心血管系统药物（26.56%）。98.43%为轻微不良反应，无严重不良反应。转归情况为：59.37%在停药后恢复，23.43%在治疗帮助下恢复。
该中心疑似不良反应的数量较多，但均为轻微不良反应。证实了不良反应是基层医疗中常见的医疗问题。让卫生专业人员意识到这一点很重要，以便在开处方时牢记药物的风险/效益关系。识别和通报不良反应，尤其是新上市药物的不良反应也很重要。
