Vanni-Mercier G, Pelisson D, Goffart L, Sakai K, Jouvet M
Département de Médecine Expérimentale, CNRS UA 1195, INSERM U 52, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France.
Eur J Neurosci. 1994 Aug 1;6(8):1298-306. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.1994.tb00320.x.
Cat eye movements were recorded during wakefulness and paradoxical sleep with the technique of the scleral search coil in a magnetic field. During waking, eye movements consisted of a succession of saccades and fixation phases. During paradoxical sleep, the pattern of eye movements displayed drifts of variable velocity and direction and short fixation phases, upon which saccades superimposed. These saccades displayed a repetitive, stereotyped, asymmetrical pattern. The maximum velocity/amplitude relationships, i.e. the main sequences, were determined for spontaneous and visually induced saccades of waking and for the following types of saccades during paradoxical sleep: (i) isolated saccades accompanied by ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) waves, (ii) isolated saccades accompanied by eye movement potentials (EMP), and (iii) saccades in bursts accompanied by PGO waves. The slope of the main sequence relationship of any type of paradoxical sleep saccade (from 21.7 degrees/s/degree for isolated saccades to 35.6 degrees/s/degree for saccades in bursts) was higher than that of any type of waking saccade (11.2 degrees/s/degree for spontaneous saccades to 14.7 degrees/s/degree for visually elicited ones). Furthermore, during paradoxical sleep, saccades in bursts were faster than isolated ones. This demonstrates that different neurophysiological mechanisms subserve the generation of waking saccades, paradoxical sleep isolated saccades and paradoxical sleep saccades in bursts, or that the oculomotor system is in a different state of excitation during these different sets of saccades. These findings throw new light on the functioning of the oculomotor system during paradoxical sleep and are discussed in terms of the functional significance of paradoxical sleep saccades and PGO waves.
利用磁场中巩膜搜索线圈技术，记录清醒和异相睡眠期间的猫眼动。清醒时，眼球运动由一系列扫视和注视阶段组成。异相睡眠期间，眼球运动模式表现为速度和方向可变的漂移以及短暂的注视阶段，在此基础上叠加有扫视。这些扫视呈现出重复、刻板、不对称的模式。确定了清醒时自发和视觉诱发扫视以及异相睡眠期间以下类型扫视的最大速度/幅度关系，即主序列：(i) 伴有脑桥-膝状体-枕叶（PGO）波的孤立扫视，(ii) 伴有眼球运动电位（EMP）的孤立扫视，以及(iii) 伴有PGO波的爆发性扫视。任何类型的异相睡眠扫视的主序列关系斜率（从孤立扫视的21.7度/秒/度到爆发性扫视的35.6度/秒/度）均高于任何类型的清醒扫视（自发扫视为11.2度/秒/度，视觉诱发扫视为14.7度/秒/度）。此外，在异相睡眠期间，爆发性扫视比孤立扫视更快。这表明不同的神经生理机制参与了清醒扫视、异相睡眠孤立扫视和异相睡眠爆发性扫视的产生，或者在这些不同类型的扫视过程中，动眼系统处于不同的兴奋状态。这些发现为异相睡眠期间动眼系统的功能提供了新的线索，并从异相睡眠扫视和PGO波的功能意义方面进行了讨论。
