Taylor S, Cipani E, Clardy A
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 1994 Jun;25(2):155-60. doi: 10.1016/0005-7916(94)90010-8.
Standard toilet training regimens used with children with developmental disabilities have demonstrated effectiveness at achieving bladder and bowel continence. However, in some clinical applications in everyday practice, success has not been achieved, necessitating research into possible modifications of the current approaches. A widely used toilet training program was modified to reduce toileting accidents of a referred child. The modification involved the assessment of the discriminative stimulus for eliminating, namely, his undergarments. By removing the undergarments when an elimination became imminent, an "errorless" learning paradigm was established that allowed for more rapid and enduring acquisition of toileting skills than seen in previous training attempts. The results indicate the present procedure could expedite training for individuals who are difficult to teach appropriate toileting skills through an analysis of the controlling antecedent stimulus for accidents and subsequent manipulation of such stimuli.
用于发育障碍儿童的标准如厕训练方案已证明在实现膀胱和肠道自控方面是有效的。然而，在日常实践中的一些临床应用中，并未取得成功，因此有必要对当前方法进行可能的改进研究。对一个广泛使用的如厕训练计划进行了修改，以减少一名转诊儿童的如厕事故。这种修改涉及对排便辨别刺激物的评估，即他的内衣。当即将排便时脱掉内衣，建立了一种“无错误”的学习模式，与之前的训练尝试相比，这种模式能使如厕技能的习得更快且更持久。结果表明，通过分析事故的控制性先行刺激物并随后对这些刺激物进行操控，当前程序可以加快对难以教授适当如厕技能的个体的训练。
