Levitin D J
Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene 97403.
Percept Psychophys. 1994 Oct;56(4):414-23. doi: 10.3758/bf03206733.
Evidence for the absolute nature of long-term auditory memory is provided by analyzing the production of familiar melodies. Additionally, a two-component theory of absolute pitch is presented, in which this rare ability is conceived as consisting of a more common ability, pitch memory, and a separate, less common ability, pitch labeling. Forty-six subjects sang two different popular songs, and their productions were compared with the actual pitches used in recordings of those songs. Forty percent of the subjects sang the correct pitch on at least one trial; 12% of the subjects hit the correct pitch on both trials, and 44% came within two semitones of the correct pitch on both trials. The results show a convergence with previous studies on the stability of auditory imagery and latent absolute pitch ability; the results further suggest that individuals might possess representations of pitch that are more stable and accurate than previously recognized.
通过分析熟悉旋律的演唱情况，可为长期听觉记忆的绝对性质提供证据。此外，还提出了一种绝对音高的双成分理论，该理论认为这种罕见能力由一种更常见的能力——音高记忆，以及一种单独的、较不常见的能力——音高标记组成。46名受试者演唱了两首不同的流行歌曲，并将他们的演唱与这些歌曲录音中使用的实际音高进行了比较。40%的受试者至少在一次试唱中唱出了正确音高；12%的受试者在两次试唱中都唱出了正确音高，44%的受试者在两次试唱中唱出的音高与正确音高相差两个半音以内。结果表明，这与之前关于听觉意象稳定性和潜在绝对音高能力的研究结果一致；结果还进一步表明，个体可能拥有比之前认识到的更稳定、更准确的音高表征。
