Panhani S, Heinonen K M
Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Kuopio University Hospital, Finland.
Scand J Infect Dis. 1994;26(4):375-8. doi: 10.3109/00365549409008607.
83 infants born before 34 weeks of gestation between 1989 and 1990 and cared for at a neonatal intensive care unit in Kuopio, Finland, were screened for congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, defined as a positive culture from the sample of urine taken on the first day after birth. Four infants were infected and excreted CMV in the urine. The overall incidence of CMV excretors was 4.8%. The incidence was 1/13 infants born before 28 weeks' gestation and 3/70 infants born between 28 and 34 weeks of gestation. The 4 CMV excretors were followed up for 12-25 months. Two children had normal psychomotor and mental development but exhibited decreasing head growth during follow-up. The other 2 developed severe psychomotor retardation, retinopathy of prematurity, chorioretinitis, and microcephaly. The long-term morbidity was associated not only with congenital CMV infection but to prematurity as well. The incidence of congenital CMV excretors in this preterm population seemed to be higher than reported previously among unselected live-born infants. Early diagnosis of congenital CMV infection would seem to be important in view of forthcoming new therapeutic regimes in the near future.
1989年至1990年间，对芬兰库奥皮奥一家新生儿重症监护病房护理的83名妊娠34周前出生的婴儿进行了先天性巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染筛查，先天性CMV感染定义为出生后第一天采集的尿液样本培养结果呈阳性。4名婴儿受到感染并通过尿液排出CMV。CMV排出者的总体发病率为4.8%。发病率为妊娠28周前出生的婴儿中1/13，妊娠28至34周出生的婴儿中3/70。对这4名CMV排出者进行了12至25个月的随访。2名儿童精神运动和智力发育正常，但在随访期间头围增长减缓。另外2名儿童出现严重精神运动发育迟缓、早产儿视网膜病变、脉络膜视网膜炎和小头畸形。长期发病率不仅与先天性CMV感染有关，还与早产有关。该早产人群中先天性CMV排出者的发病率似乎高于先前未选择的活产婴儿中的报告发病率。鉴于不久的将来即将出现新的治疗方案，先天性CMV感染的早期诊断似乎很重要。
