Ikada Y
Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Kyoto University, Japan.
Biomaterials. 1994 Aug;15(10):725-36. doi: 10.1016/0142-9612(94)90025-6.
Most of the conventional materials do not meet the demands required for both their surface and bulk properties when used as biomaterials. An effective approach for developing a clinically applicable biomaterial is to modify the surface of the material which already has excellent biofunctionality and bulk properties. This review article focuses on the surface modification of polymers by grafting techniques, which have long been known in polymer chemistry but are not yet widely applied to biomaterials. A grafted surface can be produced primarily either by graft polymerization of monomers or covalent coupling reaction of existing polymer molecules onto the substrate polymer surface. The major surface properties that should be modified include two kinds of biocompatibility. One is the surface property that elicits the least foreign-body reactions and the other is the cell- and tissue-bonding capability. In addition, physiologically active surfaces with, for instance, selective adsorbability may be required. Attempts to produce these biocompatible or biospecific surfaces by grafting techniques are briefly overviewed in this article.
大多数传统材料在用作生物材料时，其表面和整体性能都无法满足要求。开发临床适用生物材料的一种有效方法是对已具有优异生物功能和整体性能的材料表面进行改性。本文综述聚焦于通过接枝技术对聚合物进行表面改性，接枝技术在高分子化学领域早已为人所知，但尚未广泛应用于生物材料。接枝表面主要可通过单体的接枝聚合或现有聚合物分子与基底聚合物表面的共价偶联反应来制备。需要改性的主要表面性能包括两种生物相容性。一种是引发最少异物反应的表面性能，另一种是细胞和组织结合能力。此外，可能还需要具有例如选择性吸附性等生理活性的表面。本文简要概述了通过接枝技术制备这些生物相容性或生物特异性表面的尝试。
