Mielke L, Entholzner E, Hargasser S, Hipp R
Fortschr Med. 1994 Sep 30;112(27):377-80.
For cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the endobronchial route represents a good means of administering drugs with a systemic effect, such as adrenaline and atropine, even without a venous line. Via this route, however, higher doses are needed (2.5 times as much as those normally given intravenously). In order to produce a larger surface area within the bronchio-alveolar space and thus speed up absorption, the drugs are diluted in 5-10 ml solvent (isotonic saline solution or distilled water). For endobronchial administration of a drug, various techniques are employed, for example, simply injecting it into the upper end of the (endotracheal) tube, puncture of the tube the use of an application probe introduced into the endobronchial tube, aspiration or venacaval catheter, or the EDGAR tube with an injection needle incorporated within the tube wall. After injection, the diluted medication is distributed into the tiny branches of the bronchial tree by repeated hyperventilation. Despite the need for an adequate alternative to the venous route in the field of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, we still have very few reliable facts about the endobronchial application technique.
对于心肺复苏，即使没有静脉通路，经支气管途径也是给予具有全身效应的药物（如肾上腺素和阿托品）的一种良好方式。然而，通过这种途径需要更高的剂量（是通常静脉给药剂量的2.5倍）。为了在支气管肺泡腔内产生更大的表面积从而加快吸收，药物用5 - 10毫升溶剂（等渗盐溶液或蒸馏水）稀释。对于经支气管给药，采用了各种技术，例如，简单地将药物注入（气管内）导管的上端、导管穿刺、使用引入支气管内导管的涂抹探头、抽吸或腔静脉导管，或管壁内带有注射针的EDGAR导管。注射后，通过反复通气将稀释的药物分布到支气管树的细小分支中。尽管在心肺复苏领域需要一种足够的替代静脉途径的方法，但我们关于经支气管给药技术的可靠事实仍然很少。
