Must A, Gortmaker S L, Dietz W H
Tufts University, Department of Community Health, Boston, MA 02111.
Biomed Pharmacother. 1994;48(3-4):143-56. doi: 10.1016/0753-3322(94)90103-1.
Previous studies have suggested that late adolescence may represent a critical period in the development of lifelong obesity, but representative prospective studies in this age group are lacking. The analytic cohort consisted of a representative sample from the United States of 11,591 Hispanic, African American, and white youths interviewed as part of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Significant differences in obesity measures were observed among the six race-sex groups. Compared to whites of the same sex, the prevalence of obesity in 1981 was significantly higher among Hispanic males (12.0 vs 8.6%, P < 0.05) and African American females (14.2% vs 7.3%, P > 0.001) and lower among African American males (6.4% vs 8.6%, P > 0.005). Five-year cumulative incidence of obesity (1981-1986) was highest in Hispanic males, Hispanic females and African American females. Among those ages studied both in 1981 and in 1986, a secular trend towards increased prevalence of obesity was observed over the five-year period (10.6% in 1981, 13.6% in 1986, P > 0.0001). Multivariate analyses failed to identify behavioral or sociodemographic factors that operated similarly in all race-sex groups.
先前的研究表明，青春期后期可能是终生肥胖发展的关键时期，但该年龄组缺乏具有代表性的前瞻性研究。分析队列包括来自美国的11591名西班牙裔、非裔美国人和白人青年的代表性样本，这些青年作为全国青年纵向调查的一部分接受了访谈。在六个种族-性别组中观察到肥胖指标存在显著差异。与同性别的白人相比，1981年西班牙裔男性（12.0%对8.6%，P<0.05）和非裔美国女性（14.2%对7.3%，P>0.001）的肥胖患病率显著更高，而非裔美国男性（6.4%对8.6%，P>0.005）的肥胖患病率则较低。肥胖的五年累积发病率（1981-1986年）在西班牙裔男性、西班牙裔女性和非裔美国女性中最高。在1981年和1986年都进行了研究的那些年龄组中，在这五年期间观察到肥胖患病率呈长期上升趋势（1981年为10.6%，1986年为13.6%，P>0.0001）。多变量分析未能确定在所有种族-性别组中起类似作用的行为或社会人口学因素。
