Bird A W
St Mary's Hospital, London.
J Med Ethics. 1994 Sep;20(3):152-6. doi: 10.1136/jme.20.3.152.
The United Kingdom Central Council for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visitors (UKCC) document, Exercising Accountability, states that the role of patient's advocate is an essential aspect of good professional nursing practice (1). The author examines the case for and against the nurse being the best person to act as advocate, and critically evaluates the criteria of advocacy. The problematic moral issues arising are discussed, and a case made for negotiation between the members of the multidisciplinary team and the patient/client (or a significant person to the patient) in order to promote the well-being of the patient and to minimise suffering. She concludes that the health care professional's (including the nurse's) role is to help people to assert control over the factors which affect their lives, that is empowerment, rather than advocacy.
英国护理、助产与健康访视中央委员会（UKCC）的文件《履行责任》指出，患者代言人的角色是优质专业护理实践的一个重要方面（1）。作者审视了支持和反对护士作为最佳代言人的理由，并批判性地评估了代言的标准。讨论了由此产生的有问题的道德问题，并主张多学科团队成员与患者/客户（或患者的重要他人）之间进行协商，以促进患者的福祉并将痛苦降至最低。她得出结论，医疗保健专业人员（包括护士）的角色是帮助人们对影响其生活的因素主张控制权，即赋权，而非代言。
