Frank S A
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine 92717.
J Theor Biol. 1994 Oct 21;170(4):393-400. doi: 10.1006/jtbi.1994.1200.
Conditions are analyzed under which natural selection favors an individual to help another species at a cost to its own reproduction. Traditional models for the evolution of altruism between species focus on the genetic relatedness between the original donor and the recipients of return benefits from the mutualistic partner species. A more general model is analyzed here that focuses on the synergistic effects between partner species caused by genetic variability. The model shows that the spread of altruism is enhanced by spatial correlations between species in the genetic tendency to give aid to partners. These spatial correlations between species are similar to the kin selection coefficients of relatedness that determine the course of social evolution within species. The model also shows that natural selection and ecological dynamics can create genetic correlations between neighbors of different species, even when the initial spatial distributions of the species are uncorrelated. Genetic correlations between species may play an important role in the origin and maintenance of altruism between species.
分析了自然选择有利于个体以自身繁殖为代价帮助另一个物种的条件。传统的物种间利他行为进化模型侧重于原始捐赠者与互利共生伙伴物种回报利益接受者之间的遗传相关性。这里分析了一个更通用的模型，该模型侧重于由遗传变异性引起的伙伴物种之间的协同效应。该模型表明，物种间在向伙伴提供帮助的遗传倾向方面的空间相关性增强了利他行为的传播。物种间的这些空间相关性类似于决定物种内社会进化进程的亲缘选择系数。该模型还表明，即使物种的初始空间分布不相关，自然选择和生态动态也可以在不同物种的邻居之间产生遗传相关性。物种间的遗传相关性可能在物种间利他行为的起源和维持中发挥重要作用。
