Christensen H, Mackinnon A, Jorm A F, Henderson A S, Scott L R, Korten A E
National Health and Medical Research Council Social Psychiatry Research Unit, Australian National University, Canberra.
Psychol Aging. 1994 Sep;9(3):381-90. doi: 10.1037//0882-7974.9.3.381.
The cognitive test performance of 897 community-dwelling elderly Ss, aged 70 years and over, was examined for age trends and interindividual variation. Data were subjected to factor analysis, and 3 factors emerged (Crystallized Intelligence, Fluid Intelligence, and Memory). Over the age span sampled, Crystallized Intelligence, Fluid Intelligence, and Memory all decreased with the decrease being greatest for Fluid Intelligence and least for Crystallized Intelligence. Interindividual variation increased for Fluid Intelligence and Memory, but not for Crystallized Intelligence. These findings give support to the view that crystallized intelligence is lower in the very old and that there is a greater degree of variability in test performance with advancing age.
对897名年龄在70岁及以上的社区居住老年人的认知测试表现进行了年龄趋势和个体间差异的研究。数据进行了因子分析，出现了3个因子（晶体智力、流体智力和记忆）。在所抽样的年龄范围内，晶体智力、流体智力和记忆均下降，其中流体智力下降幅度最大，晶体智力下降幅度最小。流体智力和记忆的个体间差异增加，但晶体智力没有。这些发现支持了这样一种观点，即高龄者的晶体智力较低，并且随着年龄的增长，测试表现的变异性更大。
