Hawken J, Chard T, Jeffries D J, Costeloe K, Grant K, Ward F, Hudson C N
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London.
Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1994 Nov;101(11):960-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1994.tb13040.x.
To study an antenatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing programme in an inner London health district.
A standardised research interview was given to women in the first half of pregnancy and the findings were compared with those of the routine clinical interview. The observations were analysed in relation to the results of HIV antibody testing, either attributable by consent or anonymously, in these women.
The Homerton Hospital, London.
Three thousand seven hundred and twenty-nine women, of whom 1696 (45.5%) consented to testing.
Four women who had consented to testing had a positive result. Amongst the 2,033 women (54.5%) who declined the test, four (or five) had a positive result. The number of risk factors ascertained by the research study interview was substantially greater than that elicited by the preceding routine interview. In addition, more information was obtained by a routine computer interview than by its unstructured equivalent. There was no obvious association between the presence of a risk factor and whether or not the women had consented to the test.
Our formal voluntary testing programme detected nearly 44% of HIV seropositive individuals. Thus, there were four known positives during the study period against a total of nine detected by anonymous testing. Since all the known positive results in the study were associated with recognised risk factors, there is some doubt as to the value of a universal testing programme. However, if testing is to be based upon the existence of a risk factor elicited at the booking history, then the deficiencies in this history revealed by the present study need to be corrected.
研究伦敦市中心一个卫生区的产前人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）检测项目。
在妊娠前半期对孕妇进行标准化研究访谈，并将结果与常规临床访谈结果进行比较。根据这些女性HIV抗体检测结果（经同意或匿名检测）对观察结果进行分析。
伦敦霍默顿医院。
3729名女性，其中1696名（45.5%）同意接受检测。
4名同意检测的女性结果呈阳性。在2033名（54.5%）拒绝检测的女性中，有4名（或5名）结果呈阳性。研究访谈确定的风险因素数量明显多于之前常规访谈得出的数量。此外，通过常规计算机访谈获得的信息比非结构化访谈更多。风险因素的存在与女性是否同意检测之间没有明显关联。
我们的正式自愿检测项目检测出了近44%的HIV血清阳性个体。因此，在研究期间有4名已知阳性者，而匿名检测共发现9例。由于研究中所有已知阳性结果都与公认的风险因素相关，因此对普遍检测项目的价值存在一些疑问。然而，如果检测要基于在预约病史中发现的风险因素，那么本研究揭示的该病史中的不足需要得到纠正。
