MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1994 Jun 10;43(22):409, 415-6.
Approximately 100,000 childbearing-aged women in the United States are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and an estimated 7000 infants are born to HIV-positive mothers each year. In the United States, the rate of perinatal transmission of HIV among mothers who do not receive antiretroviral therapy is 15%-30%. Results from a recent multicenter randomized double-blind clinical trial suggest that treatment of HIV-positive mothers and their infants with zidovudine (ZDV) may substantially reduce the risk for perinatal HIV transmission. However, any potential risk for adverse outcomes associated with use of antiretrovirals during pregnancy should be considered. This report summarizes data from the Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry regarding use of ZDV and the occurrence of structural birth defects reported for pregnancies registered during January 1989-December 1993.
美国约有10万名育龄妇女感染了人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV），每年估计有7000名婴儿由HIV阳性母亲所生。在美国，未接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的母亲中，HIV围产期传播率为15% - 30%。最近一项多中心随机双盲临床试验结果表明，用齐多夫定（ZDV）治疗HIV阳性母亲及其婴儿可能会大幅降低HIV围产期传播风险。然而，应考虑孕期使用抗逆转录病毒药物带来的任何潜在不良后果风险。本报告总结了抗逆转录病毒药物妊娠登记处关于1989年1月至1993年12月登记妊娠期间使用ZDV及所报告的结构性出生缺陷发生情况的数据。
