Johnston J E
J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 1994 Apr;6(4):161-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-7599.1994.tb00933.x.
Sleep problems in older adults are so common that nearly half of all hypnotic prescriptions written are for persons over 65 years old. Although normal aging affects sleep, the practitioner should evaluate the many factors that cause insomnia: medical illness, psychiatric illness, dementia, alcohol and/or polypharmacy, restless legs syndrome, periodic leg movements, and sleep apnea syndrome. Nonpharmacologic treatment of sleep disorders is preferred. The nurse practitioner can assess and manage elderly patients with sleep disorders, but they need to refer those who can benefit from evaluation to a sleep disorder center.
老年人的睡眠问题非常普遍，以至于开出的所有催眠药处方中，近一半是给65岁以上的人。虽然正常衰老会影响睡眠，但从业者应评估导致失眠的多种因素：内科疾病、精神疾病、痴呆、酒精和/或多种药物联用、不宁腿综合征、周期性腿部运动和睡眠呼吸暂停综合征。睡眠障碍的非药物治疗是首选。执业护士可以评估和管理患有睡眠障碍的老年患者，但他们需要将那些能从评估中受益的患者转诊至睡眠障碍中心。
