Samuels J F, Nestadt G, Romanoski A J, Folstein M F, McHugh P R
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Am J Psychiatry. 1994 Jul;151(7):1055-62. doi: 10.1176/ajp.151.7.1055.
The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence and investigate the comorbidity and potential consequences of DSM-III personality disorders in the community.
A total of 810 adults were examined in the second stage of the Eastern Baltimore Mental Health Survey in 1981, part of the National Institute of Mental Health Epidemiologic Catchment Area program. The subjects were directly examined by psychiatrists using a semi-structured method that allowed diagnosis of all DSM-III personality disorders as well as other DSM-III psychiatric disorders.
The prevalence of personality disorders in these adults was 5.9% (9.3% when provisional cases were included). Men had higher rates than women, and subjects who were separated or divorced had the highest rates. There was little comorbidity among specific personality disorders. Subjects with personality disorders were significantly more likely to have a history of sexual dysfunctions, alcohol use disorders, and drug use disorders as well as suicidal thoughts and attempts. In addition, they reported significantly more life events in the past year. Among subjects with any axis I disorder, those with personality disorders were judged by the psychiatrists to be more in need of treatment; however, only 21% were receiving treatment.
Personality disorders are relatively common in the community. They are associated with axis I disorders and life events. Only one-fifth of the individuals who qualify for diagnoses of personality disorders in the community are receiving treatment.
本研究旨在评估社区中DSM-III人格障碍的患病率，并调查其共病情况及潜在后果。
1981年，在东巴尔的摩心理健康调查的第二阶段对810名成年人进行了检查，该调查是美国国立精神卫生研究所流行病学集水区项目的一部分。由精神科医生采用半结构化方法对受试者进行直接检查，该方法能够诊断所有DSM-III人格障碍以及其他DSM-III精神障碍。
这些成年人中人格障碍的患病率为5.9%（若包括临时病例则为9.3%）。男性患病率高于女性，分居或离异的受试者患病率最高。特定人格障碍之间的共病情况较少。患有人格障碍的受试者更有可能有性功能障碍、酒精使用障碍和药物使用障碍史，以及自杀念头和自杀未遂史。此外，他们报告在过去一年中经历的生活事件显著更多。在患有任何轴I障碍的受试者中，精神科医生判断患有人格障碍的受试者更需要治疗；然而，只有21%的人正在接受治疗。
人格障碍在社区中相对常见。它们与轴I障碍和生活事件相关。在社区中符合人格障碍诊断标准的个体中，只有五分之一的人正在接受治疗。
