Bonnlander H, Rossignol A M, Rossignol P A
Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Deschappelles, Haiti.
Bull Pan Am Health Organ. 1994 Mar;28(1):9-16.
A retrospective study conducted at central Haiti's Albert Schweitzer Hospital in the June 1991-January 1992 period sought to assess the numbers of malaria cases seen at the hospital in 1982-1991, the distribution of cases by age and sex in 1988-1991, and the validity of official reports indicating an overall decline in malaria cases. Review of the hospital's laboratory records (1982-1986, 1988-1991), patient medical records (1989-1991), and patient discharge summary cards (1989-1991) revealed a total of 5,251 malaria cases identified through examination of approximately 65,000 blood smears. The largest numbers of cases were diagnosed in 1982 (1,150) and 1988 (980); the smallest numbers in 1990 (120) and 1991 (317). Peak case incidences occurred yearly in the November-January period, a few months after the rainy season. Of the 838 cases found in the 1989-1991 period, 53% occurred in females and 47% in males. Relatively high numbers of cases (averaging 41.1 cases per year of age) were found among children 0-6 years old, with the largest number of cases in any 1-year age group (54 cases) occurring among children 1 year old. (In general, the numbers of cases declined with increasing age.) Eight cases among hospital in-patients ended in malaria-related death, five of these deaths occurring among children 0-6 years old and six involving cerebral malaria (a common complication of P. falciparum infection). Overall, the results of this study support official reports showing a general decline in the number of malaria cases in this region of Haiti between 1982 and 1991.
1991年6月至1992年1月期间，在海地中部的阿尔伯特·施韦泽医院进行了一项回顾性研究，旨在评估1982年至1991年期间该医院所见疟疾病例的数量、1988年至1991年期间病例按年龄和性别的分布情况，以及官方报告中显示疟疾病例总体下降的有效性。查阅该医院的实验室记录（1982年至1986年、1988年至1991年）、患者病历（1989年至1991年）和患者出院总结卡（1989年至1991年）发现，通过检查约65,000份血涂片共确诊了5251例疟疾病例。病例数最多的年份是1982年（1150例）和1988年（980例）；最少的年份是1990年（120例）和1991年（317例）。病例发病率高峰每年出现在11月至1月期间，即雨季过后的几个月。在1989年至1991年期间发现的838例病例中，53%发生在女性，47%发生在男性。0至6岁儿童中发现的病例数相对较多（平均每年每年龄组41.1例），其中1岁儿童的任何1年年龄组病例数最多（54例）。（一般来说，病例数随着年龄增长而下降。）住院患者中有8例因疟疾相关死亡，其中5例死亡发生在0至6岁儿童中，6例涉及脑型疟疾（恶性疟原虫感染的常见并发症）。总体而言，这项研究的结果支持官方报告，表明1982年至1991年期间海地该地区疟疾病例数总体呈下降趋势。
