Kosten T A, Nestler E J
Division of Substance Abuse, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519.
Life Sci. 1994;55(1):PL9-14. doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(94)90084-1.
Clozapine, an atypical neuroleptic, has dopamine and serotonin antagonist actions that suggest its potential as a cocaine abuse pharmacotherapy. Yet, self-administration and discriminative stimulus studies in animals have reported both an enhancement and a partial blockade of cocaine's behavioral effects with clozapine. The present study examines further the effects of clozapine on cocaine conditioned place preference. Clozapine (10 mg/kg, s.c.) treatment significantly attenuated the development of cocaine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) conditioned place preference. These results, coupled with research that shows clozapine has limited extrapyramidal side effects, suggest that it should be considered as a pharmacotherapy for cocaine abuse.
氯氮平是一种非典型抗精神病药物，具有多巴胺和血清素拮抗剂作用，这表明它有可能成为治疗可卡因滥用的药物。然而，动物的自我给药和辨别刺激研究报告称，氯氮平对可卡因的行为效应既有增强作用，也有部分阻断作用。本研究进一步考察了氯氮平对可卡因条件性位置偏爱效应的影响。氯氮平（10毫克/千克，皮下注射）治疗显著减弱了可卡因（10毫克/千克，腹腔注射）条件性位置偏爱的形成。这些结果，再加上表明氯氮平锥体外系副作用有限的研究，提示它应被视为治疗可卡因滥用的一种药物疗法。
