Winkel J, Mathiassen S E
National Institute of Occupational Health, Department of Physiology, Solna, Sweden.
Ergonomics. 1994 Jun;37(6):979-88. doi: 10.1080/00140139408963711.
Ergonomic epidemiology is a rapidly increasing field of research providing data on the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders and possible risk factors. The present paper states, on the basis of a literature overview, that physical work load (mechanical exposure) is poorly defined and measured in most studies on ergonomic epidemiology. On this background the paper: (1) suggests adjustments of mechanical exposure concepts and terminology; (2) concludes that invalid exposure assessment may, to a large extent, explain the lack of quantitative data on relationships between mechanical exposures and musculoskeletal disorders; and (3) suggests some guidelines for future quantitative assessments of mechanical exposure in large populations.
人体工程学流行病学是一个快速发展的研究领域，它提供有关肌肉骨骼疾病的发生情况及可能的风险因素的数据。本文基于文献综述指出，在大多数人体工程学流行病学研究中，体力工作负荷（机械暴露）的定义和测量都很不完善。在此背景下，本文：（1）建议调整机械暴露的概念和术语；（2）得出结论，无效的暴露评估在很大程度上可能解释了机械暴露与肌肉骨骼疾病之间关系的定量数据的缺乏；（3）提出了一些关于未来在大量人群中进行机械暴露定量评估的指导方针。
