Chernoff R
Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, John L. McClellan Memorial Veterans Hospital, Little Rock, AR.
Nutr Rev. 1994 Apr;52(4):132-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.1994.tb01405.x.
Meeting the nutritional needs of elderly persons who are living in institutionalized settings is often a great challenge for nutrition practitioners. Part of the challenge is to determine nutritional requirements by appropriately assessing individual needs, and part is to analyze the effects of risk factors that include chronic conditions, intermittent concurrent illnesses, medications, and psychologic state. Another strategy in meeting the nutritional needs of the institutionalized elderly is to set nutritional goals within the constraints imposed by the resources available within the institution. Some of the obstacles to achieving nutrition goals in individuals living in an institution may be closely related to the limits imposed by institutional resources, which may include staffing patterns, finances, and state and federal regulations.
满足生活在机构化环境中的老年人的营养需求，对营养从业者来说往往是一项巨大挑战。挑战的一部分在于通过适当评估个体需求来确定营养需求，另一部分在于分析包括慢性病、间歇性并发疾病、药物和心理状态等风险因素的影响。满足机构化老年人营养需求的另一个策略是在机构现有资源所施加的限制范围内设定营养目标。对于生活在机构中的个人而言，实现营养目标的一些障碍可能与机构资源所带来的限制密切相关，这些限制可能包括人员配置模式、财务状况以及州和联邦法规。
