Henik A, Friedrich F J, Tzelgov J, Tramer S
Department of Behavioral Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-sheva, Israel.
Mem Cognit. 1994 Mar;22(2):157-68. doi: 10.3758/bf03208887.
In three experiments, we examined the effects of prime-target stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) and the proportion of related primes and targets (relatedness proportion, or RP) on semantic priming when the prime was either named or was searched for a specific letter. In Experiment 1, with an RP of .50, priming occurred at SOAs of 240 and 840 msec when the prime was named, but no priming was found at either SOA when the prime was searched for a letter. In Experiment 2 the RP was either .20 or .80, and the SOA was set at 1,700 msec; priming again was found in both conditions when the prime was named, but only in the RP .80 condition when a letter search task was performed on the prime. In Experiment 3, both the proportion of related trials and SOA were varied; as in the previous experiments, no priming effects were found with the letter search task for either SOA in the RP .20 condition, but the priming effect was reinstated in the RP .80 condition. These results are discussed with respect to how limited capacity resources are allocated and how they influence semantic priming effects.
在三个实验中，我们研究了启动刺激与目标刺激的起始时间间隔（SOA）以及相关启动刺激和目标刺激的比例（关联比例，或RP）对语义启动的影响，其中启动刺激要么被命名，要么被搜索特定字母。在实验1中，RP为0.50，当启动刺激被命名时，在240毫秒和840毫秒的SOA下出现了启动效应，但当搜索启动刺激中的特定字母时，在这两个SOA下均未发现启动效应。在实验2中，RP为0.20或0.80，SOA设置为1700毫秒；当启动刺激被命名时，在两种情况下均再次发现了启动效应，但当对启动刺激执行字母搜索任务时，仅在RP为0.80的条件下发现了启动效应。在实验３中，相关试验的比例和SOA均有所变化；与之前的实验一样，在RP为0.20的条件下，对于任何一个SOA，字母搜索任务均未发现启动效应，但在RP为0.80的条件下恢复了启动效应。我们将根据有限容量资源的分配方式及其如何影响语义启动效应来讨论这些结果。
