Hrydowy E R, Martin G L
University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Behav Modif. 1994 Jan;18(1):66-88. doi: 10.1177/01454455940181005.
A staff management package was investigated for increasing and maintaining behavioral training skills of direct-care staff. Behaviors of three direct-care staff members were monitored while they conducted a prevocational program with 27 adult clients with severe or profound mental retardation. The intervention was an easy-to-apply checklist used weekly by a supervisor to give feedback to direct-care staff. The management procedure did not require the supervisor to collect quantitative data to be graphed or charted. Use of the checklist during a weekly morning work session in a multiple-baseline design across subjects led to immediate improvement in staff performance during daily morning work sessions. Considerable generalization of improved staff performance to daily afternoon work sessions with a different client group occurred. Further increases in staff performance occurred when the management procedure was added to afternoon work sessions. Staff performance was maintained over 4 months after the management procedure was decreased from weekly to biweekly use. When performance of direct-care staff improved, on-task behavior of most clients also substantially increased. Direct-care staff preferred the staff management package compared to "traditional" methods of supervision, and the training unit adopted the checklist for continuous use at the conclusion of the study.
研究了一种员工管理方案,以提高并维持直接护理人员的行为训练技能。在三名直接护理人员对27名患有严重或极重度智力障碍的成年客户开展职业前培训项目时,对他们的行为进行了监测。干预措施是一份易于应用的检查表,主管每周使用该表向直接护理人员提供反馈。管理程序并不要求主管收集用于绘制图表的定量数据。在跨受试者的多基线设计中,于每周一次的晨间工作时段使用检查表,使得直接护理人员在每日晨间工作时段的表现立即得到改善。改善后的员工表现相当程度地推广到了与不同客户群体的每日下午工作时段。当管理程序添加到下午工作时段时,员工表现进一步提高。在管理程序从每周使用降至每两周使用后,员工表现持续了4个月。当直接护理人员的表现得到改善时,大多数客户的任务执行行为也大幅增加。与“传统”监督方法相比,直接护理人员更喜欢这种员工管理方案,并且在研究结束时,培训单元采用了该检查表以供持续使用。