Palombo S R
Training Institute of the New York Freudian Society.
J Am Psychoanal Assoc. 1994;42(2):635-53. doi: 10.1177/000306519404200213.
The downfall of Oedipus in Sophocles' most famous play, Oedipus Tyrannus, is the reversal of his triumphant entry into the city of Thebes 17 years earlier. The oracle at Delphi has told the Thebans that the plague will end only when the murderer of Laius is identified and punished. The unconscious collusion between Oedipus and the Thebans to ignore the unsolved murder breaks down. Told by Teiresias that he is the culprit, Oedipus begins a desperate effort to find evidence to refute this accusation. When other witnesses come forward, his cause is lost. The effect of Oedipus's collusive interaction with the Thebans is balanced in Sophocles' account by the story of the riddle of the Sphinx. The Sphinx is a goddess of discontinuity. She represents the unconscious forces at work both in Oedipus's personal fantasies and in the collective fantasies of the Thebans. The tragedy results from the interaction of these fantasies in the government of the polis. Sophocles' play thus exemplifies the intricate intertwining of the child's innate wishes and the reaction they evoke from the environment during the oedipal period. The neurotic patient's illusion of sexual triumph over his or her father or mother as a child can be best understood through the interaction of these factors.
在索福克勒斯最著名的戏剧《俄狄浦斯王》中，俄狄浦斯的陨落是他17年前凯旋进入底比斯城的逆转。德尔斐的神谕告诉底比斯人，只有找到并惩罚拉伊俄斯的凶手，瘟疫才会结束。俄狄浦斯与底比斯人下意识地勾结起来，对这起未解决的谋杀案视而不见，但这种勾结瓦解了。当提瑞西阿斯告诉他自己就是罪魁祸首时，俄狄浦斯开始拼命寻找证据来反驳这一指控。当其他证人站出来时，他的事业就失败了。在索福克勒斯的叙述中，俄狄浦斯与底比斯人的勾结互动的影响，通过斯芬克斯之谜的故事得到了平衡。斯芬克斯是一位不连续的女神。她代表着在俄狄浦斯的个人幻想以及底比斯人的集体幻想中起作用的无意识力量。这场悲剧源于这些幻想在城邦治理中的相互作用。因此，索福克勒斯的戏剧例证了在俄狄浦斯期，孩子的先天愿望与他们从环境中引发的反应之间复杂的交织。神经症患者小时候幻想在性方面战胜自己的父亲或母亲，通过这些因素的相互作用能得到最好的理解。
