Akopian N S, Baklavadzhian O G, Sarkisian N V
Aviakosm Ekolog Med. 1993 May-Jun;27(3):33-7.
Investigations into the role of the hypothalamus nuclei (dorsomedial and posthypothalamic) and amygdala (cortical and central) in regulation of impulse activity of medullary respiratory neurons and respiration as a whole revealed: a) phasic changes of there exponents in hypoxia; b) variety effect of excitation (activation, inhibition) due to stimulation of the structures. At the initial stage of hypoxia (the altitude of 4000-5000 m) hypoxic activation of the impulse discharge made moderating effect of stimulation more expressed as compared with the initial stage of hypoxia. At maximal altitudes (7500-8000 m) inhibition of respiratory neurons occurred and respiration grew slow and superficial. It is noteworthy that on this background stimulation of hypothalamus and amygdala caused more marked moderating effect when compared with the initial stage. This is apparently associated with disengaging of inhibitory effects of cortex on subcortical structures and increased influence of limbic structures on the bulbar respiratory center.
对下丘脑核（背内侧核和下丘脑后核）以及杏仁核（皮质杏仁核和中央杏仁核）在调节延髓呼吸神经元冲动活动及整体呼吸方面作用的研究表明：a）在缺氧状态下这些指数的阶段性变化；b）刺激这些结构会产生多种兴奋作用（激活、抑制）。在缺氧初期（海拔4000 - 5000米），与缺氧初期相比，冲动放电的缺氧激活使刺激的调节作用更明显。在最高海拔（7500 - 8000米）时，呼吸神经元受到抑制，呼吸变得缓慢且浅表。值得注意的是，在此背景下，与初期相比，刺激下丘脑和杏仁核会产生更明显的调节作用。这显然与皮层对皮层下结构抑制作用的解除以及边缘系统结构对延髓呼吸中枢影响的增加有关。
