Benignus V A, Hazucha M J, Smith M V, Bromberg P A
Human Studies Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park 27711.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1994 Apr;76(4):1739-45. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1994.76.4.1739.
Fifteen men were exposed to 6,683 ppm C18O for 3.09-6.65 min. Arterial and antecubital vein blood samples were drawn at 1-min intervals beginning at the start of C18O inhalation and ending 10 min later. Simultaneously, alveolar ventilation was calculated from the measured values of minute ventilation and dead space. All other parameters of the Coburn-Forster-Kane equation (CFKE), except the Haldane affinity ratio, were measured separately in each subject. Means of CFKE predictions of increases in venous HbCO (delta HbCO) in samples collected approximately 2 min after cessation of exposure were accurate, but the range in errors of prediction for individual subjects was +/- 3.8% HbCO, depending on the time after exposure cessation. Increases in venous and arterial HbCO were inaccurately predicted during and immediately after HbCO formation, however. Venous blood was overestimated during CO uptake because of a delayed appearance of HbCO. Individual subjects differed markedly in the degree of delay of HbCO appearance in venous blood. Arterial delta HbCO was consistently underestimated either by the CFKE or by predictions based on venous blood samples. Thus, exposure of such organs as brain or heart to HbCO may be substantially higher than expected during transient high-level CO exposure.
15名男性暴露于6683 ppm的C18O中3.09 - 6.65分钟。从开始吸入C18O起，每隔1分钟采集动脉血和肘前静脉血样本，持续10分钟。同时，根据分钟通气量和死腔的测量值计算肺泡通气量。除了霍尔丹亲和比外，科伯恩 - 福斯特 - 凯恩方程（CFKE）的所有其他参数在每个受试者中单独测量。在暴露停止后约2分钟采集的样本中，CFKE预测静脉血中HbCO增加量（δHbCO）的平均值是准确的，但根据暴露停止后的时间不同，个体受试者预测误差范围为±3.8% HbCO。然而，在HbCO形成期间及之后立即对静脉血和动脉血中HbCO的增加量预测不准确。由于HbCO出现延迟，在CO摄取期间静脉血被高估。个体受试者静脉血中HbCO出现的延迟程度差异显著。无论是CFKE还是基于静脉血样本的预测，动脉血δHbCO一直被低估。因此，在短暂的高浓度CO暴露期间，大脑或心脏等器官接触到的HbCO可能比预期的要高得多。
