Cohen N D
Department of Large Animal Medicine & Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843-4475.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1994 May 15;204(10):1644-51.
A prospective study was conducted to describe the causes of and farm management factors associated with disease and death in a population of foals in Texas. Data from 2,468 foals at 167 farms were provided by veterinarians for all 12 months during 1991. Among 2,468 foals, 116 deaths were reported (4.7%). Pneumonia was the most commonly reported cause of death, followed by septicemia. When considered as a group, musculoskeletal disorders (traumatic, infectious, or deforming problems) represented the most common cause of all reported deaths. Daily risk of death was greatest during the first 7 days of life, and decreased with age. Risk and frequency of causes of death varied by age. Crude incident morbidity during the year was 27.4% (677/2,468). Respiratory disease was the most common cause of incident disease in the study population, followed by diarrhea. Risk of disease was greatest among < or = 7 days old, and decreased with age. Crude rate of incident of diarrhea was significantly lower among farms where foals were born on pasture, compared with that at farms where foals were born in stalls. The practice of assessing passive immunity was significantly associated with decreased morbidity from septicemia and pneumonia.
开展了一项前瞻性研究，以描述得克萨斯州一群马驹疾病和死亡的原因以及相关的农场管理因素。1991年全年，兽医提供了167个农场2468匹马驹的数据。在2468匹马驹中，报告有116匹死亡（4.7%）。肺炎是最常报告的死亡原因，其次是败血症。若将肌肉骨骼疾病（创伤性、感染性或变形性问题）视为一个整体，它是所有报告死亡中最常见的原因。出生后头7天内每日死亡风险最高，并随年龄增长而降低。死亡原因的风险和发生率因年龄而异。该年的粗发病率为27.4%（677/2468）。呼吸系统疾病是研究群体中发病的最常见原因，其次是腹泻。疾病风险在≤7日龄马驹中最高，并随年龄增长而降低。与在厩舍出生的马驹所在农场相比，在牧场出生的马驹所在农场腹泻的粗发病率显著更低。评估被动免疫的做法与败血症和肺炎发病率降低显著相关。
