Kinalska I, Borawski J, Kretowski A, Szelachowska M, Popławska A, Wysocka B
Department of Endocrinology, Medical Academy Białystok.
Endokrynol Pol. 1993;44(3):297-304.
This epidemiologic survey was carried out during the period between November 1992 and February 1993. Altogether 1431 children of age between 6 and 13 years from randomly selected 4 rural and 4 city schools were included into the study. The measurements of body height and weight, estimation of thyroid size by palpation and by USG were performed in every case. Urine was also sampled to measure iodine concentration with cerium-arsenic method. In 39.1% of the examined children goiter was found by physical examination and was more frequent in the rural group (41%) than in the urban children (36%). Mean iodine concentration in the urine was significantly higher in the group with goiter (52.7 micrograms/l) than in the group without goiter (42.3 micrograms/l) No symptoms of hypothyroidism were observed in the studied group. Moreover the presence of goiter had no influence on physical development of the children. According to the questionnaires, iodized salt is used by 26% of children in the cities and 16% in the villages. Neither iodine level in the urine nor prevalence of goiter was markedly affected by iodine prophylaxis. We conclude that the north-eastern region of Poland in an area of a moderate iodine deficiency and that the present model of iodine prophylaxis is insufficient.
这项流行病学调查于1992年11月至1993年2月期间开展。从随机选取的4所农村学校和4所城市学校中，共纳入了1431名6至13岁的儿童参与研究。对每个儿童均进行了身高和体重测量、通过触诊和超声检查评估甲状腺大小。同时采集尿液样本，采用铈砷法测量碘浓度。体格检查发现，39.1%的受检儿童患有甲状腺肿，农村组（41%）的患病率高于城市儿童（36%）。甲状腺肿组儿童尿液中的平均碘浓度（52.7微克/升）显著高于无甲状腺肿组（42.3微克/升）。研究组中未观察到甲状腺功能减退的症状。此外，甲状腺肿的存在对儿童的身体发育没有影响。根据问卷调查，城市中26%的儿童和农村中16%的儿童使用加碘盐。碘预防措施对尿液中的碘水平和甲状腺肿患病率均未产生明显影响。我们得出结论，波兰东北部地区存在中度碘缺乏，目前的碘预防模式并不充分。
