Sackeim H A, Long J, Luber B, Moeller J R, Prohovnik I, Devanand D P, Nobler M S
Department of Biological Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York 10032.
Convuls Ther. 1994 Jun;10(2):93-123.
The physical properties of the electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) stimulus markedly affect both efficacy and side effects. We review basic principles in characterizing these physical properties and in quantifying the ECT stimulus. The topics discussed include the application of Ohm's law, alternative composite units of ECT dosage (energy and charge), the use of constant-current, constant-voltage, and constant-energy principles in ECT devices, the nature of current shunting in ECT and the determinants of impedance, the relations between impedance and seizure threshold, the seizure-eliciting efficiency of alternative stimulus waveforms and of stimulus parameter configurations, and the role of reactive components (capacitance and inductance) in the ECT circuit. New findings are also presented regarding several of these issues.
电休克治疗（ECT）刺激的物理特性显著影响疗效和副作用。我们回顾了表征这些物理特性以及量化ECT刺激的基本原理。讨论的主题包括欧姆定律的应用、ECT剂量的替代复合单位（能量和电荷）、ECT设备中恒流、恒压和恒能原理的使用、ECT中电流分流的性质和阻抗的决定因素、阻抗与癫痫发作阈值之间的关系、替代刺激波形和刺激参数配置的癫痫诱发效率，以及ECT电路中电抗元件（电容和电感）的作用。还介绍了关于其中几个问题的新发现。
