Wyler-Harper J, Bircher A J, Langewitz W, Kiss A
Dermatologische Universitätsklinik, Kantonsspital Basel.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr Suppl. 1994;62:67-76.
In recent years our knowledge of the immune system and the pathogenesis of immune disorders has increased. There has been much research on the complex connections between the psyche, the central nervous system and the immune system and the effect of mood on disease processes. This paper reviews the evidence on the effects of hypnosis on the allergic skin test reaction, on allergies, particularly respiratory allergies and hayfever, and on bronchial hyperreactivity and asthma. Hypnosis, which is generally regarded as an altered state of consciousness associated with concentration, relaxation and imagination, and amongst other characteristics an enhanced responsiveness to suggestion, has long been thought to be effective in the amelioration of various bodily disorders. It has seemed that the state of hypnosis is capable of a bridging or mediating function in the supposed dualism between mind and body. There has been great variation in the experimental and clinical procedures such as type of hypnotic intervention employed, the training of subjects and the timing of the intervention. Also, variability in the type of allergen used and its mode of application is evident. But despite these limitations, many of the studies have shown a link between the use of hypnosis and a changed response to an allergic stimulus or to a lessened bronchial hyperreactivity. There is as yet no clear explanation for the effectiveness of hypnosis, but there is some evidence for an influence on the neurovascular component of the allergic response.
近年来，我们对免疫系统及免疫紊乱发病机制的认识有所增加。关于心理、中枢神经系统与免疫系统之间的复杂联系以及情绪对疾病进程的影响，已有大量研究。本文综述了有关催眠对过敏性皮肤试验反应、对过敏（尤其是呼吸道过敏和花粉症）以及对支气管高反应性和哮喘影响的证据。催眠通常被视为一种与专注、放松和想象相关的意识改变状态，除其他特征外，还具有对暗示增强的反应性，长期以来人们一直认为它对改善各种身体疾病有效。似乎催眠状态能够在假定的身心二元论中起到桥梁或中介作用。在实验和临床程序方面存在很大差异，例如所采用的催眠干预类型、受试者的培训以及干预的时机。此外，所用变应原的类型及其应用方式也存在明显差异。但尽管有这些局限性，许多研究表明使用催眠与对过敏刺激的反应改变或支气管高反应性降低之间存在联系。目前对于催眠的有效性尚无明确解释，但有一些证据表明其对过敏反应的神经血管成分有影响。
