Calman K C
Department of Health, London.
J Med Ethics. 1994 Jun;20(2):71-4. doi: 10.1136/jme.20.2.71.
Resource allocation is a central part of the decision-making process in any health care system. Resources have always been finite, thus the ethical issues raised are not new. The debate is now more open, and there is greater public awareness of the issues. It is increasingly recognised that it is the technology which determines resources. The ethical issues involved are often conflicting and relate to issues of individual rights and community benefits. One central feature of resource allocation is the basing of decisions on the outcomes of health care and on their subsequent economic evaluation. The knowledge base is therefore of great importance as is the audit of results of clinical treatment. Public involvement is seen as an integral part of this process. For all parts of the process, better methodologies are required.
资源分配是任何医疗保健系统决策过程的核心部分。资源一直都是有限的，因此所引发的伦理问题并非新问题。如今，这场辩论更加公开，公众对这些问题的认识也有所提高。人们越来越认识到，是技术决定资源。所涉及的伦理问题往往相互冲突，且与个人权利和社区利益问题相关。资源分配的一个核心特征是决策基于医疗保健的结果及其后续的经济评估。因此，知识库非常重要，临床治疗结果的审核也同样重要。公众参与被视为这一过程不可或缺的一部分。对于该过程的各个环节，都需要更好的方法。
