Van Ravenswaaij-Arts C, Hopman J, Kollée L, Stoelinga G, Van Geijn H
Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Acta Paediatr. 1994 May;83(5):473-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1994.tb13062.x.
The influence of maturation, sleep state and respiration on heart rate variability was studied in 16 spontaneously breathing preterm infants (< 33 weeks). ECG, respiratory impedance curve and movements were recorded four times a day, during the first three days of life. The power content of selected frequency bands of the R-R interval power spectrum, as well as respiratory frequency and breath amplitude oscillation frequency, were calculated for 3-min periods. An increase in low-frequency heart rate variability with gestational age was found. High-frequency variability increased during early postnatal life. Sleep state influenced very low-frequency heart rate variability. The amount of respiratory sinus arrhythmia and breath amplitude sinus arrhythmia was determined mainly by respiratory rate and breath amplitude oscillation frequency, respectively. The influences of gestational and postnatal age on heart rate variability might be due to an increase in sympathetic tone before birth and a change in parasympathetic-sympathetic balance after birth. Respiration has an important influence on heart rate variability, even in very preterm infants.
对16名自主呼吸的早产儿（<33周）研究了成熟度、睡眠状态和呼吸对心率变异性的影响。在出生后的头三天，每天记录4次心电图、呼吸阻抗曲线和运动情况。计算了3分钟时间段内RR间期功率谱选定频段的功率含量，以及呼吸频率和呼吸幅度振荡频率。发现低频心率变异性随胎龄增加。高频变异性在出生后早期增加。睡眠状态影响极低频心率变异性。呼吸性窦性心律不齐和呼吸幅度窦性心律不齐的程度分别主要由呼吸频率和呼吸幅度振荡频率决定。胎龄和出生后年龄对心率变异性的影响可能是由于出生前交感神经张力增加以及出生后副交感神经 - 交感神经平衡的变化。呼吸对心率变异性有重要影响，即使在极早产儿中也是如此。
