Grodstein F, Goldman M B, Cramer D W
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115.
Am J Public Health. 1994 Sep;84(9):1429-32. doi: 10.2105/ajph.84.9.1429.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between moderate alcohol intake and fertility.
Interviews were conducted with 3833 women who recently gave birth and 1050 women from seven infertility clinics. The case subjects were categorized based on the infertility specialist's assignment of the most likely cause of infertility: ovulatory factor, tubal disease, cervical factor, endometriosis, or idiopathy. Separate logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between alcohol use and each type of infertility, adjusted for age, infertility center, cigarette smoking, caffeine use, number of sexual partners, use of an intrauterine device (for tubal disease), and body mass index and exercise (for ovulatory factor).
We found an increase in infertility, due to ovulatory factor or endometriosis, with alcohol use. The odds ratio for ovulatory factor was 1.3 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.0, 1.7) for moderate drinkers and 1.6 (95% CI = 1.1, 2.3) for heavier drinkers, compared with nondrinkers. The risk of endometriosis was roughly 50% higher in case subjects with any alcohol intake than in control subjects (OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.1, 2.3, at moderate levels; OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 0.8, 2.7, at heavier levels).
Moderate alcohol use may contribute to the risk of specific types of infertility.
本研究旨在调查适度饮酒与生育能力之间的关系。
对3833名近期分娩的女性和来自7家不孕不育诊所的1050名女性进行了访谈。病例受试者根据不孕不育专家对最可能的不孕原因的判定进行分类：排卵因素、输卵管疾病、宫颈因素、子宫内膜异位症或不明原因。使用单独的逻辑回归模型来评估饮酒与每种类型不孕之间的关系，并对年龄、不孕不育中心、吸烟、咖啡因摄入、性伴侣数量、宫内节育器使用情况（针对输卵管疾病）以及体重指数和运动情况（针对排卵因素）进行了调整。
我们发现，由于排卵因素或子宫内膜异位症导致的不孕，会随着饮酒量的增加而上升。与不饮酒者相比，适度饮酒者因排卵因素导致不孕的比值比为1.3（95%置信区间[CI]=1.0, 1.7），重度饮酒者为1.6（95%CI=1.1, 2.3）。任何饮酒量的病例受试者患子宫内膜异位症的风险比对照受试者高出约50%（适度饮酒水平时OR=1.6, 95%CI=1.1, 2.3；重度饮酒水平时OR=1.5, 95%CI=0.8, 2.7）。
适度饮酒可能会增加特定类型不孕的风险。
