Gilbert R O, Rebhun W C, Kim C A, Kehrli M E, Shuster D E, Ackermann M R
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993 Feb 1;202(3):445-9.
In Holstein cattle, an inherited disease has been recognized recently in which leukocytes lack surface glycoproteins termed beta 2 integrins, which are important in cell adhesion processes. This disease is the homologue of leukocyte adhesion deficiency in human beings and has been termed bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency. The molecular basis of this disease is failure to produce normal CD18. The gene encoding bovine CD18 and its abnormal mutation have been sequenced, allowing specific diagnosis of the condition by DNA amplification by polymerase chain reaction followed by specific endonuclease digestion. This test was applied to formalin-fixed archival tissues from 18 cattle that had been admitted to the veterinary medical teaching hospital between 1975 and 1991 and that had had persistent and severe neutrophilia. Blood samples were collected from 2 additional cattle, and leukocytes from these samples also were tested. Fourteen cattle were confirmed to have been homozygous for the bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency gene. Cattle with this condition had ranged in age from 2 weeks to 8 months at admission. They typically had had chronic bacterial infections that had failed to respond to or had recurred after conventional treatment. Consistent findings in these cattle included signs of bronchopneumonia, gingivitis, periodontitis, and peripheral lymphadenopathy. Severe neutrophilia, usually without a left shift, was a hallmark of the disease; consistent clinical biochemical findings included hypoalbuminemia, hyperglobulinemia, and hypoglycemia. This disease is important because it mimics common calfhood diseases such as pneumonia and diarrhea, but is ultimately consistently fatal before adulthood.
在荷斯坦奶牛中，最近发现了一种遗传性疾病，患病白细胞缺乏一种名为β2整合素的表面糖蛋白，而这种糖蛋白在细胞黏附过程中起着重要作用。这种疾病是人类白细胞黏附缺陷症的同源疾病，被称为牛白细胞黏附缺陷症。该疾病的分子基础是无法产生正常的CD18。编码牛CD18的基因及其异常突变已被测序，这使得通过聚合酶链反应进行DNA扩增，然后进行特异性核酸内切酶消化来对该病进行特异性诊断成为可能。这项检测应用于1975年至1991年间被收治到兽医学院教学医院的18头奶牛的福尔马林固定存档组织，这些奶牛曾患有持续性严重嗜中性粒细胞增多症。另外从2头奶牛采集了血样，对这些样本中的白细胞也进行了检测。14头奶牛被证实为牛白细胞黏附缺陷基因的纯合子。患有这种疾病的奶牛入院时年龄在2周至8个月之间。它们通常患有慢性细菌感染，对常规治疗无反应或治疗后复发。这些奶牛一致的表现包括支气管肺炎、牙龈炎、牙周炎和外周淋巴结病的症状。严重嗜中性粒细胞增多症，通常无核左移，是该病的一个标志；一致的临床生化表现包括低白蛋白血症、高球蛋白血症和低血糖症。这种疾病很重要，因为它类似于犊牛常见疾病，如肺炎和腹泻，但最终在成年前始终是致命的。
