Cousins D V, Williams S N, Reuter R, Forshaw D, Chadwick B, Coughran D, Collins P, Gales N
Australian Reference Laboratory for Bovine Tuberculosis, Department of Agriculture, South Perth.
Aust Vet J. 1993 Mar;70(3):92-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1993.tb03284.x.
Tuberculosis was diagnosed in 3 otariid seals found dead on beaches at 3 locations on the south coast of Western Australian between May 1990 and March 1991. This confirms that tuberculosis is present in the 2 native seals (Neophoca cinerea and Arctocephalus forsteri) in Western Australian waters. Mycobacterium sp isolated from the lungs of 2 of the seals were studied to determine the similarity of the strains to each other, to the strains isolated during 1986 from Australian sea lions and New Zealand fur seals kept in captivity at a marine park near Perth, Western Australia, and to a strain isolated in 1988 from a seal trainer who worked with the infected captive seals for 3 years. After restriction endonuclease analysis (REA) with the endonucleases Bst EII, Bcl I and Pvu II, one of the wild seal strains appeared to have identical DNA fragment patterns to the strains from the captive seals and the seal trainer. The other wild seal isolate had identical REA profiles using Bst EII and Bcl I, but a minor difference was detected using Pvu II. Differences in these isolates were more clearly seen in restriction fragment length polymorphisms after hybridisation with two DNA probes. The secretory protein MPB70, present in M bovis, was not detected in wild seal isolates using sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting techniques. Analysis of protein and DNA fragment profiles indicated that seal tuberculosis isolates form a unique cluster within the M tuberculosis complex.
1990年5月至1991年3月期间，在西澳大利亚州南海岸3个地点发现3头死于海滩的海狗科海豹被诊断患有结核病。这证实了西澳大利亚海域的2种本土海豹（纽氏海狗和弗氏海狗）感染了结核病。对从2头海豹肺部分离出的分枝杆菌进行了研究，以确定这些菌株彼此之间的相似性，与1986年从西澳大利亚州珀斯附近一个海洋公园圈养的澳大利亚海狮和新西兰海狗身上分离出的菌株的相似性，以及与1988年从一名与受感染圈养海豹共事3年的海豹训练员身上分离出的菌株的相似性。在用限制性内切酶Bst EII、Bcl I和Pvu II进行限制性内切酶分析（REA）后，其中一种野生海豹菌株的DNA片段模式似乎与圈养海豹和海豹训练员身上分离出的菌株相同。另一种野生海豹分离株使用Bst EII和Bcl I时具有相同的REA图谱，但使用Pvu II时检测到微小差异。用两种DNA探针杂交后，在限制性片段长度多态性中更清楚地看到了这些分离株之间的差异。使用十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和蛋白质印迹技术，在野生海豹分离株中未检测到牛分枝杆菌中存在的分泌蛋白MPB70。蛋白质和DNA片段图谱分析表明，海豹结核病分离株在结核分枝杆菌复合群中形成一个独特的簇。
