Riepl R L, Lehnert P
Medical Clinic, University of Munich, Germany.
Scand J Gastroenterol. 1993 May;28(5):369-74. doi: 10.3109/00365529309098234.
Under basal conditions, bile and bile salts applied intraduodenally influence plasma levels of several gastroenteropancreatic peptides. Besides those with stimulatory effects on exocrine pancreatic secretion, others with inhibitory or no effects are released as well. Furthermore, cholinergic and peptidergic neural mechanisms may also be activated. Secretin seems to be the most important mediator of bile- or bile salt-induced water and bicarbonate secretion. In addition, VIP released from peptidergic nerve endings in the pancreas may also be involved in the mediation of the hydrokinetic effect. With regard to water and bicarbonate secretion, cholinergic mechanisms probably are of minor importance. Cholinergic mechanisms, however, seem to be the most important mediator of bile- or bile salt-induced pancreatic enzyme secretion. CCK may act as an additional mediator of the ecbolic effect. This statement, however, is based on few results only and has to be confirmed by further studies. Gastroenteropancreatic peptides with an inhibitory action on the exocrine pancreas were also released by intraduodenal bile or bile salts. Somatostatin is released in physiologically relevant amounts to bring about a counter-regulation. Plasma PP levels are also enhanced by bile and bile salts. The amounts of PP released, however, are below those observed postprandially. In contrast to their stimulatory action on basal pancreatic secretion, bile and bile salts have no or even an inhibitory effect on pancreatic secretion stimulated by intraluminal nutrients. Accordingly, the release of gastroenteropancreatic peptides is not influenced (for example, secretin) or even reduced (for example, CCK) when bile or bile salts are added to intraluminal nutrients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
在基础状态下，十二指肠内注入胆汁和胆盐会影响多种胃肠胰肽的血浆水平。除了那些对胰腺外分泌有刺激作用的肽类外，其他具有抑制作用或无作用的肽类也会释放出来。此外，胆碱能和肽能神经机制也可能被激活。促胰液素似乎是胆汁或胆盐诱导水和碳酸氢盐分泌的最重要介质。此外，胰腺中肽能神经末梢释放的血管活性肠肽（VIP）也可能参与了流体动力学效应的介导。就水和碳酸氢盐分泌而言，胆碱能机制可能不太重要。然而，胆碱能机制似乎是胆汁或胆盐诱导胰腺酶分泌的最重要介质。胆囊收缩素（CCK）可能作为促排效应的额外介质。然而，这一说法仅基于少数结果，有待进一步研究证实。十二指肠内注入胆汁或胆盐也会释放对胰腺外分泌有抑制作用的胃肠胰肽。生长抑素以生理相关量释放，起到反调节作用。胆汁和胆盐也会提高血浆胰多肽（PP）水平。然而，释放的PP量低于餐后观察到的量。与它们对基础胰腺分泌的刺激作用相反，胆汁和胆盐对腔内营养物质刺激的胰腺分泌没有影响，甚至有抑制作用。因此，当向腔内营养物质中添加胆汁或胆盐时，胃肠胰肽的释放不受影响（如促胰液素），甚至减少（如CCK）。（摘要截断于250字）
