Rojansky N, Schenker J G
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Medical Center, Ein-Kerem, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 1993 Jun;41(3):233-40. doi: 10.1016/0020-7292(93)90549-c.
In recent years, dramatic progress has been made through research using dead human fetal tissue. Cellular transplantation is an attractive alternative to organ grafting when only a discrete function of the organ is impaired. Early fetal donor cells have an advantage because they engraft readily and do not cause graft-versus-host disease. Similarly, the fetus is an ideal recipient of allogenic fetal cells as it is incapable of rejecting them early in gestation. Recent research advances have led to its use in endocrine, neurologic and immune system disorders as well as in hematologic and hepatic deficiencies. Concurrently, this research has led to controversy over the ethics of using human fetal tissue, particularly tissue from induced abortions. Although legalized abortion remains a hotly debated controversial issue in the USA and some other countries, a consensus has been forming, in the scientific community, on the ethical use of fetal tissue in research and clinical transplantation. This review presents the theoretical background and recent research and clinical advances in fetal tissue transplantation, in the light of the current debate on its ethical and moral implications.
近年来，利用人类胎儿尸体组织进行的研究取得了显著进展。当器官只有一种离散功能受损时，细胞移植是器官移植的一种有吸引力的替代方法。早期胎儿供体细胞具有优势，因为它们易于植入且不会引起移植物抗宿主病。同样，胎儿是同种异体胎儿细胞的理想受体，因为它在妊娠早期无法排斥这些细胞。最近的研究进展已使其用于内分泌、神经和免疫系统疾病以及血液和肝脏缺陷。与此同时，这项研究引发了关于使用人类胎儿组织，特别是人工流产组织的伦理争议。尽管合法堕胎在美国和其他一些国家仍然是一个激烈辩论的争议问题，但科学界已就胎儿组织在研究和临床移植中的伦理使用形成了共识。鉴于目前关于其伦理和道德影响的辩论，本综述介绍了胎儿组织移植的理论背景以及最近的研究和临床进展。
