Savarino S J, Bourgeois A L
Enteric Diseases Program, Naval Medical Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20889.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1993 Dec;87 Suppl 3:7-11. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(93)90529-y.
Diarrhoeal diseases are a common problem in industrialized countries, resulting in appreciable morbidity and mortality. While the total burden of these illnesses is much less than that in developing countries, the same basic disease risk factors influence transmission. This article reviews selected environmental, host and pathogen-specific factors which shape the epidemiology of infectious diarrhoea in developed countries. The effective adaptation of techniques from molecular biology, such as plasmid analysis, deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization, and the polymerase chain reaction, to studies of diarrhoeal disease epidemiology is also discussed.
腹泻病在工业化国家是一个常见问题，会导致相当程度的发病率和死亡率。虽然这些疾病的总体负担远低于发展中国家，但相同的基本疾病风险因素会影响传播。本文综述了一些影响发达国家感染性腹泻流行病学的环境、宿主和病原体特异性因素。还讨论了将分子生物学技术，如质粒分析、脱氧核糖核酸杂交和聚合酶链反应，有效应用于腹泻病流行病学研究的情况。
