Heyworth J, Whitley T W, Allison E J, Revicki D A
Department of Accident and Emergency Medicine, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, England.
Arch Emerg Med. 1993 Dec;10(4):279-88. doi: 10.1136/emj.10.4.279.
The purpose of this study was to assess the ability of work-related stress, and other work environment characteristics that might affect stress, to predict work satisfaction among senior house officers (SHOs) during accident and emergency (A&E) training. Questionnaires were returned by 365 SHOs, who indicated their year in training, the number of hours worked per week, the type of training hospital, the number of new A&E attendances per year, the ratios of patients and consultants to SHOs at their training hospitals and their likelihood of specializing in A&E. They also completed inventories measuring work-related stress, task and role clarity, work group functioning and work satisfaction. Scores on the satisfaction scale served as the dependent variable in a multiple regression equation. Using an alpha level of 0.05, a significant relationship was detected between satisfaction and the 10 independent variables (P = 0.0001). Direct relationships between task and role clarity (P = 0.0001) and work group functioning (P = 0.0002) were significant, as were inverse relationships between stress (P = 0.0001) and the number of new attendances (P = 0.0321). Management practices, such as orientation sessions, that define tasks and roles, enhance work group cohesiveness and mitigate against stress, should result in increased satisfaction among SHOs.
本研究旨在评估与工作相关的压力以及其他可能影响压力的工作环境特征,以预测急症室(A&E)培训期间高级住院医师(SHOs)的工作满意度。365名高级住院医师返回了问卷,他们表明了自己的培训年份、每周工作小时数、培训医院类型、每年新急症室就诊人数、培训医院患者与顾问与高级住院医师的比例以及他们专门从事急症室工作的可能性。他们还完成了测量与工作相关的压力、任务和角色清晰度、工作小组功能和工作满意度的量表。满意度量表的得分作为多元回归方程中的因变量。使用0.05的α水平,在满意度与10个自变量之间检测到显著关系(P = 0.0001)。任务和角色清晰度(P = 0.0001)与工作小组功能(P = 0.0002)之间的直接关系显著,压力(P = 0.0001)与新就诊人数(P = 0.0321)之间的反比关系也显著。诸如入职培训等管理措施,能够明确任务和角色、增强工作小组凝聚力并减轻压力,应能提高高级住院医师的满意度。