Buffington J, Chapman L E, Schmeltz L M, Kendal A P
Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
Arch Fam Med. 1993 Aug;2(8):859-64; discussion 865. doi: 10.1001/archfami.2.8.859.
To determine whether volunteer family physician reports of the frequency of influenza-like illness (ILI) usefully supplement information from other influenza surveillance systems conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Evaluation of physician reports from five influenza surveillance seasons (1987-88 through 1991-92).
Family physician office practices in all regions of the United States.
An average of 140 physicians during each of five influenza seasons.
None.
An office visit or hospitalization of a patient for ILI, defined as presence of fever (temperature > or = 37.8 degrees C) and cough, sore throat, or myalgia, along with the physician's clinical judgment of influenza. A subset of physicians collected specimens for confirmation of influenza virus by culture.
Physicians attributed 81,408 (5%) of 1,672,542 office visits to ILI; 2754 (3%) patients with ILI were hospitalized. Persons 65 years of age and older accounted for 11% of visits for ILI and 43% of hospitalizations for ILI. In three of five seasons, physicians obtained influenza virus isolates from a greater proportion of specimens compared with those processed by World Health Organization laboratories (36% vs 12%). Influenza virus isolates from sentinel physicians peaked from 1 to 4 weeks earlier than those reported by World Health Organization laboratories. Physicians reported peak morbidity 1 to 4 weeks earlier than state and territorial health departments in four of five seasons and 2 to 5 weeks earlier than peak mortality reported by 121 cities during seasons with excess mortality associated with pneumonia and influenza.
Family physicians provide sensitive, timely, and accurate community influenza morbidity data that complement data from other surveillance systems. This information enables monitoring of the type, timing, and intensity of influenza activity and can help health care workers implement prevention or control measures.
确定家庭医生志愿者报告的流感样疾病（ILI）发病频率是否能有效补充美国疾病控制与预防中心开展的其他流感监测系统所提供的信息。
对五个流感监测季节（1987 - 1988年至1991 - 1992年）的医生报告进行评估。
美国所有地区的家庭医生诊所。
五个流感季节中，每个季节平均有140名医生。
无。
因ILI就诊或住院的患者，ILI定义为发热（体温≥37.8摄氏度）且伴有咳嗽、咽痛或肌痛，同时医生根据临床判断为流感。一部分医生采集标本通过培养来确认流感病毒。
在1,672,542次就诊中，医生将81,408次（5%）归因于ILI；2754例（3%）ILI患者住院。65岁及以上人群占ILI就诊次数的11%，占ILI住院人数的43%。在五个季节中的三个季节，与世界卫生组织实验室处理的标本相比，医生从更大比例的标本中分离出流感病毒（36%对12%）。定点医生分离出的流感病毒高峰比世界卫生组织实验室报告的高峰提前1至4周。在五个季节中的四个季节，医生报告的发病高峰比州和地区卫生部门早1至4周，在与肺炎和流感相关的超额死亡率季节，比121个城市报告的死亡高峰早2至5周。
家庭医生提供了敏感、及时且准确的社区流感发病数据，对其他监测系统的数据起到补充作用。这些信息有助于监测流感活动的类型、时间和强度，并能帮助医护人员实施预防或控制措施。
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